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Hypovolemic shock is a form of shock caused by severe hypovolemia (insufficient blood volume or extracellular fluid in the body). [1] [2] It can be caused by severe dehydration or blood loss. [3] [2] Hypovolemic shock is a medical emergency; if left untreated, the insufficient blood flow can cause damage to organs, leading to multiple organ ...
Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is essential to surviving cardiac arrest with good neurological function. [80] [30] It is recommended that it be started as soon as possible with minimal interruptions once begun. The components of CPR that make the greatest difference in survival are chest compressions and defibrillating shockable ...
Shock is the state of insufficient blood flow to the tissues of the body as a result of problems with the circulatory system. Initial symptoms of shock may include weakness, tachycardia, hyperventilation, sweating, anxiety, and increased thirst. [1] This may be followed by confusion, unconsciousness, or cardiac arrest, as complications worsen. [1]
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure consisting of chest compressions often combined with artificial ventilation, or mouth to mouth in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function until further measures are taken to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person who is in cardiac arrest.
Acidosis (hydrogen cation excess) is an abnormal pH in the body as a result of lactic acidosis which occurs in prolonged hypoxia and in severe infection, diabetic ketoacidosis, kidney failure causing uremia, or ingestion of toxic agents or overdose of pharmacological agents, such as aspirin and other salicylates, ethanol, ethylene glycol and other alcohols, tricyclic antidepressants, isoniazid ...
Obstructive shock is one of the four types of shock, caused by a physical obstruction in the flow of blood. [1] Obstruction can occur at the level of the great vessels or the heart itself. [ 2 ] Causes include pulmonary embolism , cardiac tamponade , and tension pneumothorax . [ 3 ]
The key dangers of internal bleeding include hypovolaemic shock (leading to exsanguination), a tamponade on the heart or a haemothorax on the lung. The aortic aneurysm is a special case where the aorta , the body's main blood vessel, becomes ruptured through an inherent weakness, although exertion, raised blood pressure or sudden movements ...
According to the American Heart Association, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest can affect more than 300,000 people in the United States each year. [5] Three minutes after the onset of cardiac arrest, a lack of blood flow starts to damage the brain, and 10 minutes after, the chances of survival are low. [6]