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Topaz is a silicate mineral made of aluminum and fluorine with the chemical formula Al 2 Si O 4 (F, OH) 2.It is used as a gemstone in jewelry and other adornments. Common topaz in its natural state is colorless, though trace element impurities can make it pale blue or golden brown to yellow-orange. [7]
Pleochroism is an extremely useful tool in mineralogy and gemology for mineral and gem identification, since the number of colors visible from different angles can identify the possible crystalline structure of a gemstone or mineral and therefore help to classify it. Minerals that are otherwise very similar often have very different pleochroic ...
However, although this filter is unable to predictably discriminate between natural and synthetic emerald, it has been subsequently found capable of distinguishing aquamarine, blue topaz, and their blue synthetic spinel simulants, because unlike natural gemstones, blue cobalt-containing synthetic spinels emit a red fluorescence under white light.
Its crystal symmetry and form are similar to topaz; however, topaz is a calcium fluorine bearing nesosilicate. The clarity, resilience, and strong dispersion of danburite make it valuable as cut stones for jewelry. It is named for Danbury, Connecticut, United States, where it was first discovered in 1839 by Charles Upham Shephard. [5]
The most commonly irradiated gemstone is topaz, which usually becomes blue after the process. [3] Intensely blue topaz does not exist in nature and is the result of artificial irradiation. [ 25 ] According to the American Gem Trade Association, approximately 30 million carats (6,000 kg or 13,000 lb) of topaz are irradiated every year globally ...
2nd row: rare purple topaz, champagne coloured topaz on albite, rare topaz and green hydroxylherderite matrix. 3rd row: naturally cut topaz, irradiated blue topaz, white topaz on matrix Rare purple-lavender hued topaz on a matrix from Katlang in Mardan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa [1] [2] There are many types of gemstones of Pakistan.
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