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The term cynic derives from Ancient Greek κυνικός (kynikos) 'dog-like' and κύων (kyôn) 'dog' (genitive: kynos). [4] One explanation offered in ancient times for why the Cynics were called "dogs" was because the first Cynic, Antisthenes, taught in the Cynosarges gymnasium at Athens. [5] The word cynosarges means the "place of the ...
Cleomenes (/ k l iː ˈ ɒ m ɪ n iː z /; Ancient Greek: Κλεομένης; fl. c. 300 BCE) was a Cynic philosopher. He was a pupil of Crates of Thebes, [1] and is said to have taught Timarchus of Alexandria and Echecles of Ephesus, the latter of whom would go on to teach Menedemus.
Crates (Ancient Greek: Κράτης ὁ Θηβαῖος; c. 365 – c. 285 BC [1]) of Thebes was a Greek Cynic philosopher, [2] the principal pupil of Diogenes of Sinope [2] and the husband of Hipparchia of Maroneia who lived in the same manner as him. [3] Crates gave away his money to live a life of poverty on the streets of Athens.
Diogenes (/ d aɪ ˈ ɒ dʒ ɪ n iː z / dy-OJ-in-eez; Ancient Greek: Διογένης, romanized: Diogénēs [di.oɡénɛːs]), also known as Diogenes the Cynic (Διογένης ὁ Κυνικός, Diogénēs ho Kynikós) or Diogenes of Sinope, was a Greek philosopher and one of the founders of Cynicism.
Antisthenes was born c. 446 BCE, the son of Antisthenes, an Athenian.His mother was thought to have been a Thracian, [3] though some say a Phrygian, an opinion probably derived from his sarcastic reply to a man who reviled him as not being a genuine Athenian citizen, that the mother of the gods was a Phrygian [4] (referring to Cybele, the Anatolian counterpart of the Greek goddess Rhea). [5]
Metrocles (Ancient Greek: Μητροκλῆς; fl. c. 325 BC) was a Cynic philosopher from Maroneia.He studied in Aristotle’s Lyceum under Theophrastus, and eventually became a follower of Crates of Thebes, who married Metrocles’ sister Hipparchia.
Both facts were unusual for ancient Greece or Rome. [10] Although there were other women who chose to live as Cynics, Hipparchia is the only one whose name is known. [ 17 ] She is also the only woman to have her own entry among the 82 philosophers in Diogenes Laërtius ' Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers , and she continued to ...
The phrase originates from the way deity figures appeared in ancient Greek theaters, held high up by a machine, to solve a problem in the plot. "Ἀπὸ τοῦ ἡλίου μετάστηθι" — Diogenes the Cynic — in a 1763 painting by Jacques Gamelin Ἀπὸ τοῦ ἡλίου μετάστηθι. Apò toû hēlíou metástēthi.