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a species that was present when the English Channel was created (c. 8000 years ago); or, a species that was present in prehistory. This list includes mammals from the small islands around Great Britain and the Channel Islands. There are no endemic mammal species in Great Britain, although four distinct subspecies of rodents have arisen on small ...
English fauna has however had to cope with industrialisation, human population densities amongst the highest in Europe and intensive farming, but as England is a developed nation, wildlife and the countryside have entered the English mindset more and the country is very conscientious about preserving its wildlife, environment and countryside.
The red deer is the largest native mammal species, and is common throughout England, Scotland and Wales. The other indigenous species is the roe deer . The common fallow deer was not naturally present Britain during the Holocene, having been brought over from France by the Normans in the late 11th century.
This is a list of the bird species recorded in England.The avifauna of England include a total of 625 species, of which 14 have been introduced by humans.. This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions of British Ornithologists' Union (BOU).
A few endemic species are Arctic-Alpine species, survivors of Arctic species of plants and animals which either adapted to the warming climate or became isolated in suitable areas of mountains or lakes which still retained a suitable micro-climate. A common misconception is that the entirety of the British Isles was under glaciers and was ...
The reptiles of Great Britain include three native snakes and three native lizards. A number of sea turtles visit Great Britain's shores. There are also at least seven introduced reptile species.
Birds can be listed in more than one category: for example, the Canada goose has a large introduced population but there have also been a few naturally occurring vagrants, and the white-tailed eagle is a native species that is also subject to an ongoing reintroduction project, so both species meet the criteria for categories A and C.
Common crane, although occurring in fluctuating numbers as a scarce spring and autumn migrant through Britain, with occasional individuals or pairs wintering or summering, has only established a single breeding population, in the Norfolk Broads (see Cranes in Britain for more details); the species was thought to be quite widespread in the Middle Ages, but the term 'crane' was also often ...