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  2. Solar irradiance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance

    Solar irradiance spectrum above atmosphere and at surface. Part of the radiation reaching an object is absorbed and the remainder reflected. Usually, the absorbed radiation is converted to thermal energy, increasing the object's temperature.

  3. Air mass (solar energy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_mass_(solar_energy)

    Solar irradiance spectrum above atmosphere and at surface. The overall intensity of solar radiation is like that of a black body radiator of the same size at about 5,800 K. [1] As it passes through the atmosphere, sunlight is attenuated by scattering and absorption; the more atmosphere through which it passes, the greater the attenuation.

  4. Sunlight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight

    Solar irradiance spectrum at top of atmosphere, on a linear scale and plotted against wavenumber Main article: Solar constant The solar constant is a measure of flux density , is the amount of incoming solar electromagnetic radiation per unit area that would be incident on a plane perpendicular to the rays, at a distance of one astronomical ...

  5. Solar constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_constant

    Solar irradiance spectrum at top of atmosphere, on a linear scale and plotted against wavenumber. The solar constant (G SC) measures the amount of energy received by a given area one astronomical unit away from the Sun. More specifically, it is a flux density measuring mean solar electromagnetic radiation (total solar irradiance) per unit

  6. Diffuse sky radiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_sky_radiation

    The blue sky spectrum contains light at all visible wavelengths with a broad maximum around 450–485 nm, the wavelengths of the color blue. Diffuse sky radiation is solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface after having been scattered from the direct solar beam by molecules or particulates in the atmosphere.

  7. Simple Model of the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer of Sunshine

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_Model_of_the...

    The reference spectrum in ASTM G177 is limited to the global irradiance in the ultraviolet (280–400 nm), and corresponds to "high-UV" conditions frequently encountered in arid and elevated sites, such as in the southwest USA. This spectrum is to be used as a reference for testing the degradation and durability of materials.

  8. Irradiance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiance

    The global irradiance on a horizontal surface on Earth consists of the direct irradiance E e,dir and diffuse irradiance E e,diff. On a tilted plane, there is another irradiance component, E e,refl, which is the component that is reflected from the ground. The average ground reflection is about 20% of the global irradiance.

  9. Solar energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy

    The spectrum of solar light at the Earth's surface is mostly ... The liquid salt is pumped through panels in a solar collector where the focused irradiance heats it ...