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People of the ancient Egyptian civilization initiated an independent practice of anatomical study, which represented the first movement within humanity toward the development of an understanding of anatomy; Egypt is where the study of anatomy historically first developed.
Senusret II's pectoral, by 1878 BC. Hieroglyphs: Ankh, Huh (god)-(=millions), Shen ring, scarab, Ra, Water Ripple, Sun-rising hieroglyph, uraeus. The pectorals of ancient Egypt were a form of jewelry, often in the form of a brooch. They are often also amulets, and may be so described. They were mostly worn by richer people and the pharaoh.
[20] [21] It also became the most authoritative text on anatomy until the 16th century. [22] Commentary on Anatomy in Avicenna's Canon (c. 1200): First description of the pulmonary circulation system, [23] and the first description of the presence and function of coronary circulation. [24]
Pectoral of Senusret III from the jewellry box of Mereret Pectoral of Amenemhet III from the jewellery box of Mereret Gold and Amethyst Girdle (top) and Belt (bottom) from Mereret's tomb. Mereret (or Meret) was an Ancient Egyptian King's Daughter known from her burial next to the Pyramid of Pharaoh Senusret III (ruled about 1878 BC to 1839 BC ...
Ancient medical instruments, Temple of Kom Ombo. Egyptian medical papyri are ancient Egyptian texts written on papyrus which permit a glimpse at medical procedures and practices in ancient Egypt. These papyri give details on disease, diagnosis, and remedies of disease, which include herbal remedies, surgery, and magical incantations.
Ancient Egypt: Anatomy of a Civilisation (3rd ed.). Routledge. ISBN 9781351166485. Barry Kemp. Amarna Reports, parts 1–5. Egypt Exploration Society. Barry Kemp (2015). Ancient Egypt: All that matters. Quercus. ISBN 978-1-44418620-8. Barry Kemp (2012). The City of Akhenaten and Nefertiti: Armana and Its People. Thames & Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500 ...
The Edwin Smith Papyrus is an ancient Egyptian medical text, named after Edwin Smith who bought it in 1862, and the oldest known surgical treatise [2] on trauma.. This document, which may have been a manual of military surgery, describes 48 cases of injuries, fractures, wounds, dislocations and tumors. [3]
The slab stela shows the bone as a multiple of two curved bones, much like the spare rib. Cartouche relief, Temple of Edfu. An example of a wall relief scene from Edfu at the Temple of Edfu shows a cartouche with the joint of meat hieroglyph. Another less common hieroglyph pictured within the cartouche is the vertical standing mummy hieroglyph.