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Ropinirole, sold under the brand name Requip among others, is a medication used to treat Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS). [3] It is taken by mouth. [4] Common side effects include sleepiness, vomiting, and dizziness. [4] Serious side effects may include pathological gambling, low blood pressure with standing and ...
Due to the major adverse effects of ergot-derived dopamine agonists, they are generally not used in modern medicine and have mostly been abandoned in favor of non-ergot agonists such as pramipexole, ropinirole and rotigotine. They do not induce as serious side effects although common side effects are nausea, edema and hypotension.
Acute side-effects usually accompany the beginning of treatment but tend to decrease as the patient develops increased tolerance to the drug. [14] In randomized, double-blinded trials, individuals on different dopamine agonists, including dihydroergocryptine, did not differ in discontinuation rate associated with adverse events.
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Common side effects include headache, constipation, sleepiness, and dizziness. [10] [11] Severe side effects may include blood clots, psychosis, and heart failure. [11] It is believed to work by acting on NMDA receptors, working as a pore blocker of these ion channels. [8] [10] Memantine was first discovered in 1963.
A pharmacological approach to separate dopaminergic from non-dopaminergic (e.g. mitochondrial) effects of Pramipexole has been to study the effects of the R-stereoisomer of Pramipexole (which has much lower affinity to the dopamine receptors when compared to the S-isomer) side by side with the effects of the S-isomer. [36]
Biperiden is also commonly used to improve acute extrapyramidal side effects related to antipsychotic drug therapy, such as akathisia. It relieves muscle rigidity , reduces abnormal sweating related with clozapine and methadone use [ 9 ] [ 10 ] and salivation , improves abnormal gait , and to lesser extent, tremor .
General side effects for rotigotine may include constipation, dyskinesia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, somnolence, confusion, and hallucinations. [12] [13] More serious complications can include psychosis and impulse control disorders like hypersexuality, punding, and pathological gambling. [14]