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Archaea were initially classified as bacteria, receiving the name archaebacteria (/ ˌ ɑːr k i b æ k ˈ t ɪər i ə /, in the Archaebacteria kingdom), but this term has fallen out of use. [5] Archaeal cells have unique properties separating them from Bacteria and Eukaryota. Archaea are further divided into multiple recognized phyla.
Haloquadratum walsbyi is a species of Archaea in the genus Haloquadratum, known for its square shape and halophilic nature. [1]First discovered in a brine pool in the Sinai peninsula of Egypt, H. walsbyi is noted for its flat, square-shaped cells, and its unusual ability to survive in aqueous environments with high concentrations of sodium chloride and magnesium chloride.
Archaea use more energy sources than eukaryotes: these range from organic compounds, such as sugars, to ammonia, metal ions or even hydrogen gas. Salt-tolerant archaea (the Haloarchaea) use sunlight as an energy source, and other species of archaea fix carbon; however, unlike plants and cyanobacteria, no known
[10] [182] [183] Archaeplastids such as green and red algae eventually surpassed cyanobacteria as major primary producers on continental shelves near the end of the Neoproterozoic, but only with the Mesozoic (251–65 Ma) radiations of secondary photoautotrophs such as dinoflagellates, coccolithophorids and diatoms did primary production in ...
Euryarchaeota (from Ancient Greek εὐρύς eurús, "broad, wide") is a kingdom of archaea. [3] Euryarchaeota are highly diverse and include methanogens, which produce methane and are often found in intestines; halobacteria, which survive extreme concentrations of salt; and some extremely thermophilic aerobes and anaerobes, which generally live at temperatures between 41 and 122 °C.
A thermoacidophile is an extremophilic microorganism that is both thermophilic and acidophilic; i.e., it can grow under conditions of high temperature and low pH. [1] The large majority of thermoacidophiles are archaea (particularly the Thermoproteota and "Euryarchaeota") or bacteria, though occasional eukaryotic examples have been reported.
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Haloarchaea (halophilic archaea, halophilic archaebacteria, halobacteria) [1] are a class of prokaryotic archaea under the phylum Euryarchaeota, [2] found in water saturated or nearly saturated with salt. 'Halobacteria' are now recognized as archaea rather than bacteria and are one of the largest groups or archaea.