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Thermal batteries are used almost exclusively for military applications, notably for nuclear weapons [40] and guided missiles. [ 41 ] [ unreliable source? ] [ 42 ] [ unreliable source? ] They are the primary power source for many missiles such as the AIM-9 Sidewinder , AIM-54 Phoenix , MIM-104 Patriot , BGM-71 TOW , BGM-109 Tomahawk and others.
The missile was hot-condition tested to prove its ability to operate in extreme environments. [23] [24] 2008-06-27 Success: Downed a missile launched from a C-17 Globemaster III. [25] 2008-09-17 Aborted Target missile failed shortly after launch, so neither interceptor was launched. Officially a "no test". [26] 2009-03-17 Success
Some reserve batteries are: Aluminium battery, a variant of zinc-air battery where aluminium and air are used; Silver-zinc battery, often found in old missiles; Thermal battery, a class of battery types with molten salt as an electrolyte. The battery is in an inert state until the electrolyte melts through heating.
An encapsulated thermal battery is physically similar to a phase change thermal battery in that it is a confined amount of physical material which is thermally heated or cooled to store or extract energy. However, in a non-phase change encapsulated thermal battery, the temperature of the substance is changed without inducing a phase change.
A THAAD battery consists of six truck-mounted launchers with eight interceptor missiles on each launcher and a powerful radar. Reloading each launcher takes about 30 minutes, according to reports.
The HOT missile is tube-launched and optically tracked using the SACLOS guidance system with command link through trailing wires which steers the missile using thrust vectoring controls on the sustainer engine during missile flight. When the gunner fires the HOT missile, the missile activates a thermal battery, flares, and a small gas generator ...
The missile launcher system consists of the green missile launch tube containing the missile, a grip stock and a cylindrical thermal battery. The launch tube is reloadable at depot, but missile rounds are delivered to fire units in their launch tubes. The device can be reloaded up to five times. [11]
The first example is committed to Air Force use and cannot be made available for the Navy. Fabrication of the system was planned to be completed in 2012, with power, thermal management, beam control, and command-and-control subsystem integration planned through 2013. The system has a weight goal of 5 kg (11 lb) per kW of power.