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The average inventory is the average of inventory levels at the beginning and end of an accounting period, and COGS/day is calculated by dividing the total cost of goods sold per year by the number of days in the accounting period, generally 365 days. [3] This is equivalent to the 'average days to sell the inventory' which is calculated as: [4]
Average Days to Sell Inventory = Number of Days a Year / Inventory Turnover Ratio = 365 days a year / Inventory Turnover Ratio This ratio estimates how many times the inventory turns over a year. This number tells how much cash/goods are tied up waiting for the process and is a critical measure of process reliability and effectiveness.
In accounting, the inventory turnover is a measure of the number of times inventory is sold or used in a time period such as a year. It is calculated to see if a business has an excessive inventory in comparison to its sales level. The equation for inventory turnover equals the cost of goods sold divided by the average inventory.
Without inventory optimization, companies commonly set inventory targets using rules of thumb or single stage calculations. Rules of thumb normally involve setting a number of days of supply as a coverage target. Single stage calculations look at a single item in a single location and calculate the amount of inventory required to meet demand. [11]
We have available a forecast of product demand d t over a relevant time horizon t=1,2,...,N (for example we might know how many widgets will be needed each week for the next 52 weeks). There is a setup cost s t incurred for each order and there is an inventory holding cost i t per item per period ( s t and i t can also vary with time if desired).
The difference between the cost of an inventory calculated under the FIFO and LIFO methods is called the LIFO reserve (in the example above, it is $750, i.e. $5250 - $4500). This reserve, a form of contra account , is essentially the amount by which an entity's taxable income has been deferred by using the LIFO method.
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Using days rather than 365 makes the formula more general. If you are looking at a year's data of Cost of Goods Sold, you use 365 days, but if it's a quarter, use 90, 91 days. I have not checked the link that explains inventory turnover. I would only link it if that one is correct, i.e., CoGS/Average Inventory for the period.