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The U.S. is the only country to place constantly as the number 1 country in technology in the world as of 2024. [4] The following is a list of the twenty largest countries (as measured by GDP ) by the International Innovation Index:
Naqaa Nanotechnology Network NNN, an affiliate of Naqaa foundation for Scientific Research, Technology and Development; NanoTech Egypt [3] Egypt Nanotechnology Center; Center for Nanotechnology (CNT) at Nile University [4] NBE Institute for Nanoscience and Informatics (INI) at Zewail City of Science and Technology
The most advanced nanotechnology projects related to energy are: storage, conversion, manufacturing improvements by reducing materials and process rates, energy saving (by better thermal insulation for example), and enhanced renewable energy sources. One major project that is being worked on is the development of nanotechnology in solar cells. [6]
This is a list of countries by research and development (R&D) spending in real terms, based on data published by World Bank, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
In spite of the World Economic Forum's Global Risks Report which is increasingly identifying environmental pressures as the dominant risks to humanity, none of the indicators used to determine this report's competitiveness ranking reflect any of the countries' environmental dimensions such as energy, water, climate risks, resource or food security, etc.
Nanotechnology is an active research area that encompasses a number of disciplines such as electronics, bio-mechanics and coatings. These disciplines assist in the areas of civil engineering and construction materials. [22] If nanotechnology is implemented in the construction of homes and infrastructure, such structures will be stronger.
The reason behind the emergence of Nano-ethics is the idea of using nanotechnology on humans and the environment to enhance or evolve. Scientist who work in nano tech are both the most optimistic about its progress and worried for its risks on society, though most coming into nanotechnology have no introduction to the ethics. [33]
Nanochemistry is an emerging sub-discipline of the chemical and material sciences that deals with the development of new methods for creating nanoscale materials. [1] The term "nanochemistry" was first used by Ozin in 1992 as 'the uses of chemical synthesis to reproducibly afford nanomaterials from the atom "up", contrary to the nanoengineering and nanophysics approach that operates from the ...