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Education is a key component of stormwater management. A number of agencies and organizations have launched campaigns to teach the public about stormwater pollution, and how they can contribute to solving it. Thousands of local governments in the U.S. have developed education programs as required by their NPDES stormwater permits. [30]
Polluted stormwater is one of the biggest threats to clean water in the U.S., but it's not treated like wastewater. Here's why.
Stormwater management, as a specialized area within the field of environmental engineering, emerged later in the 20th century, and some practitioners have used the term BMP to describe both structural or engineered control devices and systems (e.g. retention ponds) to treat polluted stormwater, as well as operational or procedural practices (e ...
The Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan, often abbreviated as SWPPP or SW3P, is a plan created by constructors to show their plans for sediment and erosion control. [1] Typically these plans are part of an overall design that details procedures to be followed during various phases of construction.
To address the nationwide problem of stormwater pollution, Congress broadened the CWA definition of "point source" in 1987 to include industrial stormwater discharges and municipal separate storm sewer systems ("MS4"). [30] These facilities are required to obtain NPDES permits. This 1987 expansion was promulgated in two phases.
Research on stormwater pollution continues in the 21st century, with findings that urban runoff is a ongoing source of water quality problems nationwide. [ 26 ] : vii Increased land development throughout the country—in both cities and suburbs—has led to an increase in impervious surfaces ( parking lots , roads , buildings , compacted soil ...
In 1987, the results of the report were used as the basis of an amendment to the Clean Water Act requiring local governments and industry to address the pollution sources indicated by the report. The amendment requires all industrial stormwater dischargers (including many construction sites) and municipal storm sewer systems, affecting ...
Green roofs, rain gardens and bioswales (channels that collect, direct and filter stormwater runoff) can capture water and provide relief from the heat-island effect that drives up temperatures in ...