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Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed (titled Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Survive for the British edition) is a 2005 book by academic and popular science author Jared Diamond, in which the author first defines collapse: "a drastic decrease in human population size and/or political/economic/social complexity, over a considerable area, for an extended time."
Jared Diamond, Jeffrey Herbst, Ian Morris, and other social scientists sparked a revival of the theory during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. This "neo-environmental determinism" school of thought examines how geographic and ecological forces influence state-building , economic development , and institutions .
Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies (subtitled A Short History of Everybody for the Last 13,000 Years in Britain) is a 1997 transdisciplinary nonfiction book by the American author Jared Diamond.
Upheaval: How Nations Cope with Crisis and Change is a 2019 nonfiction book by American scientist and historian Jared Diamond. [1] Diamond attempts to analyze devastating crises (political, economic, civil, ecological, etc.) that may destroy whole countries and the multiple reasons causing them.
Creeping normality (also called gradualism, or landscape amnesia [1]) is a process by which a major change can be accepted as normal and acceptable if it happens gradually through small, often unnoticeable, increments of change. The change could otherwise be regarded as remarkable and objectionable if it took hold suddenly or in a short time span.
The rules are generally regarded as hypotheses that need to be tested on an individual basis, not as accepted conclusions. This is the reason why Diamond's results sparked nearly two decades worth of controversy in the literature, from the late seventies through the late nineties and is considered a turning point in community ecology. [4]
Jared Mason Diamond (born September 10, 1937) [1] is an American scientist, historian, and author. In 1985 he received a MacArthur Genius Grant , and he has written hundreds of scientific and popular articles and books .
It also developed into a movement when Jared Diamond's text Collapse was published. [2] Use of the term has spread, especially by journalists reporting on the deep adaptation writings by Jem Bendell. [6] [7]