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Nitrofurantoin is pregnancy category A in Australia. [3] It is one of the few drugs commonly used in pregnancy to treat UTIs. [38] There is a potential risk of hemolytic anemia in the newborn when used near time of delivery. [3] Newborns of women given this drug late in pregnancy had a higher risk of developing neonatal jaundice. [39]
Chemical structure of nitrofurantoin. Nitrofurantoin is regarded as the first-line agent for simple cystitis, with an efficacy rate ranging from 88% to 92%. [9] It can also be a prophylactic agent to prevent long-term UTIs. [10] This antibacterial medication is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. [11]
They are more common in women than men, but similar between anatomies while carrying indwelling catheters. [7] [18] In women, they are the most common form of bacterial infection. [19] Up to 10% of women have a urinary tract infection in a given year, and half of women have at least one infection at some point in their lifetime.
Nitrofurantoin — a drug used to treat urinary tract infections [3] Ranbezolid — technically an oxazolidinone antibiotic bearing a nitrofuran group; Antimicrobials. Furaltadone — an antiprotozoal; Furazidine — an antibacterial and antiprotozoal Furaginum — an antibacterial; Furylfuramide — a formerly used food preservative
Sulfonamides (such as sulfanilamide, sulfamethoxazole, and mafenide), thiazolesulfone, methylene blue, and naphthalene should also be avoided by people with G6PD deficiency as they antagonize folate synthesis, as should certain analgesics (such as phenazopyridine and acetanilide) and a few non-sulfa antibiotics (nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin ...
[14] [15] The antibiotics used in the study included nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim, and cephalexin. [ 14 ] [ 15 ] There was a small and non-significant numerical advantage of antibiotics over methenamine in this trial (~0.5 fewer UTIs per year), but this difference was deemed of limited clinical consequence and was considered to be outweighed by ...
The risk appears to be higher among people older than 60 and those also taking corticosteroids; [27] the risk also may be higher among people who are male, have a pre-existing joint or tendon issue, have kidney disease, or are highly active. [28] Some experts have advised avoidance of fluoroquinolones in athletes. [28]
In the elderly, long-term benzodiazepine therapy is a risk factor for amplifying cognitive decline, [29] although gradual withdrawal is associated with improved cognitive status. [30] A study of alprazolam found that 8 weeks administration of alprazolam resulted in deficits that were detectable after several weeks but not after 3.5 years. [31]