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Thermodynamics defines the statistical behaviour of large numbers of entities, whose exact behavior is given by more specific laws. While the fundamental theoretical laws of physics are all time-reversible, [8] experimentally the probability of real reversibility is low and the former state of system and surroundings is recovered only to certain extent (see: uncertainty principle).
In physics, Loschmidt's paradox (named for J.J. Loschmidt), also known as the reversibility paradox, irreversibility paradox, or Umkehreinwand (from German 'reversal objection'), [1] is the objection that it should not be possible to deduce an irreversible process from time-symmetric dynamics.
The second law of thermodynamics is a statement on the irreversibility of dynamics or, the breakup of time reversal symmetry . This should be consistent with the empirical direct definition: heat will flow spontaneously from a hot source to a cold sink.
In thermodynamics, a reversible process is a process, involving a system and its surroundings, whose direction can be reversed by infinitesimal changes in some properties of the surroundings, such as pressure or temperature. [1] [2] [3]
Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals ... The many versions of the second law all express the general irreversibility of the transitions involved in ...
Irreversibility; Endoreversibility ... Non-equilibrium thermodynamics is a branch of thermodynamics that deals with ... But, for example, atmospheric physics is ...
As this quantity H was meant to represent the entropy of thermodynamics, the H-theorem was an early demonstration of the power of statistical mechanics as it claimed to derive the second law of thermodynamics—a statement about fundamentally irreversible processes—from reversible microscopic mechanics.
In thermodynamics, a thermodynamic state of a system is its condition at a specific time; that is, fully identified by values of a suitable set of parameters known as state variables, state parameters or thermodynamic variables.