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The clapper rail was formerly treated as a subspecies of the mangrove rail (Rallus longirostris). [5] The decision to treat the clapper rail as a separate species was based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic study that was published in 2013. [8] [9] [10] A cladogram based on the 2013 genetic study is as follows: [8]
Numerous birds have been known to live on Hooks Island, such as the near-threatened California clapper rail. [10] In 2011, a Point Reyes Bird Observatory Conservation Science report found that approximately 14 clapper rails had been found in the Baylands, and 19 clapper rails were "known to exist" at Palo Alto Harbor and Hooks Island. [11]
Ridgway's rail then breeds (California rail subspecies) in the San Francisco Bay from mid-March through August, with peak activity in late June. [6] During this breeding season the bird density was approximately 0.1 to 0.6 individuals per acre; outside of breeding season densities decline to 0.04 to 0.40 individuals per acre. [ 10 ]
Millions of shorebirds and waterfowl stop to refuel here during the spring and fall migration. It also provides critical habitat to resident species like the endangered California clapper rail and salt marsh harvest mouse. Hundreds of thousands of people visit its diverse wildlife and habitats each year.
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Among the birds found at the refuge are great blue herons and the three endangered bird species: California clapper rail, California least tern, and Belding's Savannah sparrow. [3] [4] The refuge is located within Naval Weapons Station Seal Beach. Public access in the refuge is limited or restricted to monthly tours (last Saturday of each month ...
There are a number of significant wildlife features associated with Seal Slough, including use by the endangered California clapper rail. [6] A tide gate near the mouth of Seal Slough regulates tidal influx from San Francisco Bay to Marina Lagoon; this flushing action is important to prevent population explosion of midges in the local area.
Bair Island is an important ecological wetland, [4] which provides critical habitat for a variety of species, including the endangered California clapper rail and the Salt marsh harvest mouse, and is an important stop for birds on the Pacific Flyway. [5] Bair Island is bisected by Corkscrew Slough, [6] a major haul-out site for harbor seals ...