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In mathematics, a unary operation is an operation with only one operand, i.e. a single input. [1] This is in contrast to binary operations , which use two operands. [ 2 ] An example is any function f : A → A {\displaystyle f:A\rightarrow A} , where A is a set ; the function f {\displaystyle f} is a unary operation on A .
The successor function, denoted , is a unary operator.Its domain and codomain are the natural numbers; its definition is as follows: : (+) In some programming languages such as C, executing this operation is denoted by postfixing ++ to the operand, i.e. the use of n++ is equivalent to executing the assignment := ().
C-like languages feature two versions (pre- and post-) of each operator with slightly different semantics. In languages syntactically derived from B (including C and its various derivatives), the increment operator is written as ++ and the decrement operator is written as --. Several other languages use inc(x) and dec(x) functions.
Examples of unary operators in mathematics and in programming include the unary minus and plus, the increment and decrement operators in C-style languages (not in logical languages), and the successor, factorial, reciprocal, floor, ceiling, fractional part, sign, absolute value, square root (the principal square root), complex conjugate (unary ...
There are prefix unary operators, such as unary minus -x, and postfix unary operators, such as post-increment x++; and binary operations are infix, such as x + y or x = y. Infix operations of higher arity require additional symbols, such as the ternary operator ?: in C, written as a ? b : c – indeed, since this is the only common example, it ...
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An operator which is non-associative cannot compete for operands with operators of equal precedence. In Prolog for example, the infix operator :-is non-associative, so constructs such as a :- b :- c are syntax errors. Unary prefix operators such as − (negation) or sin (trigonometric function) are typically associative prefix operators.
Unary function, a function that takes one argument; in computer science, a unary operator is a subset of unary function; Unary operation, a kind of mathematical operator that has only one operand; Unary relation, a mathematical relation that has one argument; Unary coding, an entropy encoding that represents a number n with n − 1 ones ...