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  2. Sufi psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufi_psychology

    A visual rendition of the Islamic model of the soul based on a consensus of 18 surveyed academic and religious experts [5] There is now a substantial literature on combining these elements—ruh, qalb, nafs, and aql (mind)—to create an Islamic model for human behavior which can be the basis for an Islamic Psychology and Psychotherapy.

  3. Nafs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafs

    A visual rendition of the Islamic model of the soul showing the position of "nafs" relative to other concepts, based on a consensus of 18 surveyed academic and religious experts [1] Nafs (نَفْس) is an Arabic word occurring in the Quran, literally meaning "self", and has been translated as "psyche", "ego" or "soul".

  4. Rūḥ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rūḥ

    A visual rendition of the Islamic model of the soul showing the position of "'ruh" relative to other concepts based on a consensus of 18 surveyed academic and religious experts. [1] Rūḥ or The Spirit (Arabic: الروح, al-rūḥ) is mentioned twenty one times in the Quran, where it is described as issuing from command of God. The spirit ...

  5. Qalb - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qalb

    A visual rendition of the Islamic model of the soul showing the position of "'qalb" relative to other concepts based on a consensus of 18 surveyed academic and religious experts. [1] In Islamic philosophy, the qalb (Arabic: قلب) or heart is the center of the human personality.

  6. Islam and mental health - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_and_mental_health

    The body of classical Islamic literature on psychology and mental health can be categorized into three distinct categories: [5] The largest and most robust source, Sufi literature and teachings, includes the prominent Islamic philosopher al-Ghazali. [5] "Mental health" is related to the health of the "soul", the "spiritual heart", or one's ...

  7. Avicenna - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna

    While he was imprisoned in the castle of Fardajan near Hamadhan, Avicenna wrote his famous "floating man"—literally falling man—a thought experiment to demonstrate human self-awareness and the substantiality and immateriality of the soul. Avicenna believed his "Floating Man" thought experiment demonstrated that the soul is a substance, and ...

  8. 'Aql - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/'Aql

    'intellect') is an Arabic term used in Islamic philosophy and theology for the intellect or the rational faculty of the soul that connects humans to God. According to Islamic beliefs, ' aql is what guides humans towards the right path (sirat al-mustaqim) and prevents them from deviating.

  9. Early Islamic philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_Islamic_philosophy

    One other part of Aristotle's theory shocked the faith of the Mutakallamin — the Aristotelian theory of the soul. According to Aristotelianism, the human soul is simply man's substantial form, the set of properties that make matter into a living human body. [20] This seems to imply that the human soul cannot exist apart from the body.