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The hydrogen atoms in the ammonium ion can be substituted with an alkyl group or some other organic group to form a substituted ammonium ion (IUPAC nomenclature: aminium ion). Depending on the number of organic groups, the ammonium cation is called a primary , secondary , tertiary , or quaternary .
Ammonium hexafluorozirconate [48] Ammonium hydroxide – [NH 4]OH [49] Ammonium nitrate – [NH 4]NO 3 [50] Ammonium orthomolybdate – [NH 4] 2 MoO 4; Ammonium sulfamate – [NH 4]SO 3 NH 2 [51] Ammonium sulfide – [NH 4] 2 S; Ammonium sulfite – [NH 4] 2 SO 3 [52] Ammonium sulfate – [NH 4] 2 SO 4 [53] Ammonium perchlorate – [NH 4]ClO 4 ...
The cation is always named first. Ions can be metals, non-metals or polyatomic ions. Therefore, the name of the metal or positive polyatomic ion is followed by the name of the non-metal or negative polyatomic ion. The positive ion retains its element name whereas for a single non-metal anion the ending is changed to -ide.
The suffix -ium, or less commonly -um, usually denotes a metallic element, or at least one that was thought to be metallic when it was discovered (helium is not a metal, and germanium, selenium, and tellurium are more typically termed metalloids or nonmetals). It arose from the Latin suffix of metals such as aurum (gold) and ferrum (iron).
The chemical elements can be broadly divided into metals, metalloids, and nonmetals according to their shared physical and chemical properties.All elemental metals have a shiny appearance (at least when freshly polished); are good conductors of heat and electricity; form alloys with other metallic elements; and have at least one basic oxide.
The word ferrous is derived from the Latin word ferrum, meaning "iron". In ionic compounds (salts), such an atom may occur as a separate cation (positive ion) abbreviated as Fe 2+ , although more precise descriptions include other ligands such as water and halides.
As a metalloid the chemistry of silicon is largely covalent in nature, noting it can form alloys with metals such as iron and copper. The common oxide of silicon (SiO 2) is weakly acidic. Germanium. Germanium is a shiny, mostly unreactive grey-white solid with a density of 5.323 g/cm 3 (about two-thirds that of iron), and is hard (MH 6.0) and ...
This is a list of 194 sources that list elements classified as metalloids. The sources are listed in chronological order. Lists of metalloids differ since there is no rigorous widely accepted definition of metalloid (or its occasional alias, 'semi-metal'). Individual lists share common ground, with variations occurring at the margins.