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With the invention of the metric system, based on powers of ten, there was an attempt to replace degrees by decimal "degrees" in France and nearby countries, [note 3] where the number in a right angle is equal to 100 gon with 400 gon in a full circle (1° = 10 ⁄ 9 gon). This was called grade (nouveau) or grad.
In trigonometry, the gradian – also known as the gon (from Ancient Greek γωνία (gōnía) 'angle'), grad, or grade [1] – is a unit of measurement of an angle, defined as one-hundredth of the right angle; in other words, 100 gradians is equal to 90 degrees.
(This is the angle α opposite the "rise" side of a triangle with a right angle between vertical rise and horizontal run.) as a percentage , the formula for which is 100 × rise run {\displaystyle 100\times {\frac {\text{rise}}{\text{run}}}} which is equivalent to the tangent of the angle of inclination times 100.
The values of sine and cosine of 30 and 60 degrees are derived by analysis of the equilateral triangle. In an equilateral triangle, the 3 angles are equal and sum to 180°, therefore each corner angle is 60°. Bisecting one corner, the special right triangle with angles 30-60-90 is obtained.
The siriometer is an obsolete astronomical measure equal to one million astronomical units, i.e., one million times the average distance between the Sun and Earth. [13] This distance is equal to about 15.8 light-years, 149.6 Pm, or 4.8 parsecs, and is about twice the distance from Earth to the star Sirius. [14]
However, each of the three sexagesimal digits in this number (3, 23, and 17) is written using the decimal system. Similarly, the practical unit of angular measure is the degree, of which there are 360 (six sixties) in a circle. There are 60 minutes of arc in a degree, and 60 arcseconds in a minute.
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is the number of days since Jan 1st, 2000 12:00. is the Julian date; 2451545.0 is the equivalent Julian year of Julian days for Jan-01-2000, 12:00:00. 0.0008 is the fractional Julian Day for leap seconds and terrestrial time (TT). TT was set to 32.184 sec lagging TAI on 1 January 1958. By 1972, when the leap second was introduced, 10 sec were ...