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An instruction set simulator (ISS) is a simulation model, usually coded in a high-level programming language, which mimics the behavior of a mainframe or microprocessor by "reading" instructions and maintaining internal variables which represent the processor's registers.
Minimalistic support for three assembler directives (.equ, .db, .ds) to control data locations, there exist no directives to directly control code locations Code start is defined outside source code ("load me at" entry) - if not defined (default), code is generated (strangely) from 4200h (instead from the real reset vector 0000h)
The subsequent unconditional branch instruction in line 22 (0;JMP) loads the M register value into the CPU's program counter register to effect control transfer to the beginning of the loop. The Hack computer provides no machine language instruction to halt program execution.
In computer programming, machine code is computer code consisting of machine language instructions, which are used to control a computer's central processing unit (CPU). For conventional binary computers , machine code is the binary representation of a computer program which is actually read and interpreted by the computer.
The instructions constituting a program are rarely specified using their internal, numeric form (machine code); they may be specified by programmers using an assembly language or, more commonly, may be generated from high-level programming languages by compilers. [17]
The instruction set architecture (ISA) that the computer final version (SAP-3) is designed to implement is patterned after and upward compatible with the ISA of the Intel 8080/8085 microprocessor family. Therefore, the instructions implemented in the three SAP computer variations are, in each case, a subset of the 8080/8085 instructions.
Instruction set simulator This technique treats the compiled program's machine code as its input 'data' and fully simulates the host machine instructions, monitors the code for conditional or unconditional breakpoints or programmer requested "single cycle" animation requests between every step.
A cycle-accurate simulator is a computer program that simulates a microarchitecture on a cycle-by-cycle basis. In contrast an instruction set simulator simulates an instruction set architecture usually faster but not cycle-accurate to a specific implementation of this architecture; they are often used when emulating older hardware, where time precision is important for legacy reasons.