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  2. Ankyloglossia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankyloglossia

    Ankyloglossia, also known as tongue-tie, is a congenital oral anomaly that may decrease the mobility of the tongue tip [ 1] and is caused by an unusually short, thick lingual frenulum, a membrane connecting the underside of the tongue to the floor of the mouth. [ 2] Ankyloglossia varies in degree of severity from mild cases characterized by ...

  3. Tongue disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongue_disease

    Tongue diseases can be congenital or acquired, and are multiple in number. Considered according to a surgical sieve , some example conditions which can involve the tongue are discussed below. Glossitis is a general term for tongue inflammation , which can have various etiologies , e.g. infection .

  4. Macroglossia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macroglossia

    Macroglossia is the medical term for an unusually large tongue. [ 1] Severe enlargement of the tongue can cause cosmetic and functional difficulties in speaking, eating, swallowing and sleeping. Macroglossia is uncommon, and usually occurs in children. There are many causes. Treatment depends upon the exact cause.

  5. Pierre Robin sequence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Robin_sequence

    Pierre Robin sequence [a] (/ p j ɛər r ɔː ˈ b æ̃ /; [3] abbreviated PRS) is a congenital defect observed in humans which is characterized by facial abnormalities.The three main features are micrognathia (abnormally small mandible), which causes glossoptosis (downwardly displaced or retracted tongue), which in turn causes breathing problems due to obstruction of the upper airway.

  6. Hanhart syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanhart_syndrome

    Hanhart syndrome[ a] is a broadly classified medical condition consisting of congenital disorders that cause an undeveloped tongue and malformed extremities and fingers. There exist five types of Hanhart syndrome, with the severity and nature of the condition ranging widely on a case-by-case basis. Hanhart syndrome is classified as a rare ...

  7. Dyskeratosis congenita - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyskeratosis_congenita

    Specialty. Medical genetics. Dyskeratosis congenita ( DKC ), also known as Zinsser-Engman-Cole syndrome, is a rare progressive congenital disorder with a highly variable phenotype. [3] The entity was classically defined by the triad of abnormal skin pigmentation, nail dystrophy, and leukoplakia of the oral mucosa, and MDS/AML, but these ...

  8. Myotonia congenita - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myotonia_congenita

    1 in 10,000 (Finland) - 1 in 100,000 (worldwide) Myotonia congenita is a congenital neuromuscular channelopathy that affects skeletal muscles (muscles used for movement). It is a genetic disorder. The hallmark of the disease is the failure of initiated contraction to terminate, often referred to as delayed relaxation of the muscles ( myotonia ...

  9. Congenital insensitivity to pain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_insensitivity...

    Neurology. Congenital insensitivity to pain ( CIP ), also known as congenital analgesia, is one or more extraordinarily rare conditions in which a person cannot feel (and has never felt) physical pain. [ 1] The conditions described here are separate from the HSAN group of disorders, which have more specific signs and cause.

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