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  2. XXYY syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XXYY_syndrome

    48,XXYY syndrome is a condition related to the X and Y chromosomes (the sex chromosomes). People normally have 46 chromosomes in each cell. Two of the 46 chromosomes, known as X and Y, are called sex chromosomes because they help determine whether a person will develop male or female sex characteristics. Females typically have two X chromosomes ...

  3. Partial derivative - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial_derivative

    The reason for this is that all the other variables are treated as constant when taking the partial derivative, so any function which does not involve x will disappear when taking the partial derivative, and we have to account for this when we take the antiderivative. The most general way to represent this is to have the constant represent an ...

  4. Prader–Willi syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prader–Willi_syndrome

    1 in 15,000–20,000 people [2] Eight-year-old patient with a severe form of PWS Prader–Willi syndrome ( PWS ) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a loss of function of specific genes on chromosome 15 . [ 2 ]

  5. Karyotype - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karyotype

    Down syndrome, a common chromosomal disease, is caused by trisomy of chromosome 21. Patau syndrome is caused by trisomy of chromosome 13. Trisomy 9, believed to be the 4th most common trisomy, has many long lived affected individuals but only in a form other than a full trisomy, such as trisomy 9p syndrome or mosaic trisomy 9. They often ...

  6. Trisomy 18 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trisomy_18

    This results in an extra chromosome, making the haploid number 24 rather than 23. Fertilization of eggs or insemination by sperm that contain an extra chromosome results in trisomy, or three copies of a chromosome rather than two. [14] Trisomy 18 (47,XX,+18) is caused by a meiotic nondisjunction event.

  7. Chromosome 21 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_21

    Most people have two copies of chromosome 21, while those with three copies of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21) have Down syndrome. Researchers working on the Human Genome Project announced in May 2000 that they had determined the sequence of base pairs that make up this chromosome. [ 5 ]

  8. Chromosome 12 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_12

    Chromosome 12 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans.People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 12 spans about 133 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 4 and 4.5 percent of the total DNA in cells.

  9. Fragile X syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragile_X_syndrome

    Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a genetic disorder characterized by mild-to-moderate intellectual disability. [1] The average IQ in males with FXS is under 55, while about two thirds of affected females are intellectually disabled.