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2. Vacuum-tube computer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum-tube_computer

   A vacuum-tube computer, now termed a first-generation computer, is a computer that uses vacuum tubes for logic circuitry. While the history of mechanical aids to computation goes back centuries, if not millennia, the history of vacuum tube computers is confined to the middle of the 20th century. Lee De Forest invented the triode in 1906.

3. List of vacuum-tube computers - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_vacuum-tube_computers

   List of vacuum-tube computers. EDSAC. Vacuum-tube computers, now called first-generation computers, [ 1] are programmable digital computers using vacuum-tube logic circuitry. They were preceded by systems using electromechanical relays and followed by systems built from discrete transistors. Some later computers on the list had both vacuum ...

4. Vacuum tube - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_tube

   A vacuum tube, electron tube, [ 1][ 2][ 3] valve (British usage), or tube (North America) [ 4] is a device that controls electric current flow in a high vacuum between electrodes to which an electric potential difference has been applied. The type known as a thermionic tube or thermionic valve utilizes thermionic emission of electrons from a ...

5. UNIVAC I - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNIVAC_I

   UNIVAC I. The UNIVAC I ( Universal Automatic Computer I) was the first general-purpose electronic digital computer design for business application produced in the United States. It was designed principally by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly, the inventors of the ENIAC. Design work was started by their company, Eckert–Mauchly Computer ...

6. Atanasoff–Berry computer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atanasoff–Berry_computer

   The Atanasoff–Berry computer ( ABC) was the first automatic electronic digital computer. [ 1] Limited by the technology of the day, and execution, the device has remained somewhat obscure. The ABC's priority is debated among historians of computer technology, because it was neither programmable, nor Turing-complete. [ 2]

7. ENIAC - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ENIAC

   ENIAC ( / ˈɛniæk /; Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) [ 1][ 2] was the first programmable, electronic, general-purpose digital computer, completed in 1945. [ 3][ 4] Other computers had some of these features, but ENIAC was the first to have them all.

8. Colossus computer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colossus_computer

   Colossus was a set of computers developed by British codebreakers in the years 1943–1945 [ 1] to help in the cryptanalysis of the Lorenz cipher. Colossus used thermionic valves (vacuum tubes) to perform Boolean and counting operations. Colossus is thus regarded [ 2] as the world's first programmable, electronic, digital computer, although it ...

9. Whirlwind I - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whirlwind_I

   Whirlwind I was a Cold War-era vacuum-tube computer developed by the MIT Servomechanisms Laboratory for the U.S. Navy.Operational in 1951, it was among the first digital electronic computers that operated in real-time for output, and the first that was not simply an electronic replacement of older mechanical systems.