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Polygenic. Genetic cause and mechanism of type 2 diabetes is largely unknown. However, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is one of many mechanisms that leads to increased risk for type 2 diabetes. To locate genes and loci that are responsible for the risk of type 2 diabetes, genome wide association studies (GWAS) was utilized to compare the ...
Hyperglycemia or Hyperglycaemia is a condition in which an excessive amount of glucose circulates in the blood plasma. This is generally a blood sugar level higher than 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL ), but symptoms may not start to become noticeable until even higher values such as 13.9–16.7 mmol/L (~250–300 mg/dL ).
392 million (2015) [ 11] Type 2 diabetes ( T2D ), formerly known as adult-onset diabetes, is a form of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. [ 6] Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue and unexplained weight loss. [ 3]
Frequency. Relatively common [ 2] Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state ( HHS ), also known as hyperosmolar non-ketotic state ( HONK ), is a complication of diabetes mellitus in which high blood sugar results in high osmolarity without significant ketoacidosis. [ 4][ 5] Symptoms include signs of dehydration, weakness, leg cramps, vision problems ...
AIDA is a freeware computer program that permits the interactive simulation of plasma insulin and blood glucose profiles for demonstration, teaching, self-learning, and research purposes. [ 1] Originally developed in 1991, [ 2] it has been updated and enhanced since, and made available without charge from 1996 on the World Wide Web. [ 3]
Diabetes mellitus cases due to a known defect are classified separately. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes mellitus accounting for 95% of diabetes. [2] Many people with type 2 diabetes have evidence of prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) before meeting the criteria for type 2 diabetes. [55]
Blood sugar regulation is the process by which the levels of blood sugar, the common name for glucose dissolved in blood plasma, are maintained by the body within a narrow range. The regulation of glucose levels through Homeostasis. This tight regulation is referred to as glucose homeostasis. Insulin, which lowers blood sugar, and glucagon ...
The thrifty gene hypothesis, or Gianfranco's hypothesis[citation needed] is an attempt by geneticist James V. Neel to explain why certain populations and subpopulations in the modern day are prone to diabetes mellitus type 2. He proposed the hypothesis in 1962 to resolve a fundamental problem: diabetes is clearly a very harmful medical ...