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Liberté, égalité, fraternité ( French pronunciation: [libɛʁte eɡalite fʁatɛʁnite] ), French for ' liberty, equality, fraternity ', [1] is the national motto of France and the Republic of Haiti, and is an example of a tripartite motto. Although it finds its origins in the French Revolution, it was then only one motto among others and ...
French orthography encompasses the spelling and punctuation of the French language.It is based on a combination of phonemic and historical principles. The spelling of words is largely based on the pronunciation of Old French c. 1100 –1200 AD, and has stayed more or less the same since then, despite enormous changes to the pronunciation of the language in the intervening years.
Idealized sans-culotte by Louis-Léopold Boilly (1761–1845). The sans-culottes (French: [sɑ̃kylɔt]; lit. ' without breeches ') were the common people of the lower classes in late 18th-century France, a great many of whom became radical and militant partisans of the French Revolution in response to their poor quality of life under the Ancien Régime. [1]
La Marseillaise. " La Marseillaise " [a] is the national anthem of France. The song was written in 1792 by Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle in Strasbourg after the declaration of war by France against Austria, and was originally titled " Chant de guerre pour l'Armée du Rhin " [b] ("War Song for the Army of the Rhine ").
Simone Berbain (1915-1949) was a French historian and archivist. Born in Paris on 31 January 1915, Berbain spent her childhood in Indochina. [1] She attended École Nationale des Chartes where she trained as an archiviste paléographe. In 1939 Berbain completed her thesis on a French trading post in West Africa in the 18th century. [2]
The Chanson de l'Oignon ( French pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃sɔ̃ də lɔɲɔ̃]; "Song of the Onion") is a French marching song from around 1800 but the melody can be found earlier in Ettiene Nicolas Mehul ’s overture to La chasse de Juene Henri in 1797. According to legend, it originated among the Old Guard Grenadiers of Napoleon 's Imperial Guard.
France mandates the use of French in official government publications, public education except in specific cases, and legal contracts; advertisements must bear a translation of foreign words. In Belgium, French is an official language at the federal level along with Dutch and German.
Regions of FranceRégions ( French) France is divided into eighteen administrative regions ( French: régions, singular région [ʁeʒjɔ̃] ), of which thirteen are located in metropolitan France (in Europe ), while the other five are overseas regions (not to be confused with the overseas collectivities, which have a semi-autonomous status). [1]