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Respiratory sounds, also known as lung sounds or breath sounds, are the specific sounds generated by the movement of air through the respiratory system. [1] These may be easily audible or identified through auscultation of the respiratory system through the lung fields with a stethoscope as well as from the spectral characteristics of lung sounds. [2]
Resonance: Loud and low pitched. Normal lung sound. [15] Dullness: Medium intensity and pitch. Experienced with fluid. [14] A dull, muffled sound may replace resonance in conditions like pneumonia or hemothorax. Hyper-resonance: Very loud, very low pitch, and longer in duration. Abnormal. [14] Hyper-resonance can result from asthma or emphysema
The whispered pectoriloquy test is similar to bronchophony, but not so much egophony. [2] In bronchophony, the physician often asks the patient to say "ninety-nine" or "baseball" while listening over a lung field with a stethoscope. The spoken word sounds will be louder in areas where consolidation is present.
Bronchophony may be caused by a solidification of lung tissue around the bronchi – which may indicate lung cancer – or by fluid in the alveoli, which may indicate pneumonia. However, it may also have benign causes, such as wide bronchi. As such, it is usually an indication for further investigation rather than the main basis of a diagnosis.
Tympanitic, drum-like sounds heard over air filled structures during the abdominal examination. [4] Hyperresonant (pneumothorax), said to sound similar to percussion of puffed up cheeks. Normal resonance/ Resonant, the sound produced by percussing a normal chest. Impaired resonance (mass, consolidation) lower than normal percussion sounds.
Understanding Lung Sounds 3rd edition (2002) by Steven Lehrer is a book and audio CD that guides the student through the skills of lung auscultation. It provides a complete overview of lung examination, anatomy, physiology, and pathology.
Egophony (British English, aegophony) is an increased resonance of voice sounds [1] heard when auscultating the lungs, often caused by lung consolidation and fibrosis.It is due to enhanced transmission of high-frequency sound across fluid, such as in abnormal lung tissue, with lower frequencies filtered out.
The foremost information that the VRI provides on vibration energy, is how lung sounds behave and function during inspiration and expiration, which also includes individual breathing intensity (or vibration energy) graphs for each lung along the time period of 12 seconds. The distribution pattern of normal lung vibration energy for healthy ...
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