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The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is an augmentative and alternative communication system developed and produced by Pyramid Educational Consultants, Inc. [1] PECS was developed in 1985 at the Delaware Autism Program by Andy Bondy, PhD, and Lori Frost, MS, CCC-SLP. [2] The developers of PECS noticed that traditional communication ...
Modern ecological approach integrates the theory of protective and risk factors and studies on resilience carried out in the last two decades. Resilience refers to successful adaptation, an ability to exploit positive features of the environment, and the positive ways people respond to stress (Wang, Haertel, & Walberg, 1999, quoted by Gleason ...
Emphasis on the student's role in the learning experience has been shown in research to be crucial to a productive learning experience. [1] The Individual Learning Plan can also be used by an individual on their own or as part of a community of interest, a team or an organization to manage learning over the course of their life.
Florida State University initially developed the ADDIE framework in 1975 [3] to explain, “...the processes involved in the formulation of an instructional systems development (ISD) program for military interservice training that will adequately train individuals to do a particular job and which can also be applied to any interservice curriculum development activity.” [4] The model ...
Distance in this case is not limited to the physical surroundings, rather it could also be abstract. Distance can be defined as the separation between the self and other instances like persons, events, knowledge, or time. [1] Psychological distance was first defined in Trope and Liberman's Construal Level Theory (CLT). [2]
A 1965 article in Life magazine entitled Screams, Slaps and Love has a lasting impact on public attitudes towards Lovaas's therapy. Giving little thought to how their work might be portrayed, Lovaas and parent advocate Bernie Rimland, M.D., were surprised when the magazine article appeared, since it focussed on text and selected images showing the use of aversives, including a close up of a ...
The use of the term "personalized learning" dates back to at least the early 1960s, [1] but there is no widespread agreement on the definition and components of a personal learning environment. [2] Even enthusiasts for the concept admit that personal learning is an evolving term and doesn't have any widely accepted definition. [3]
Authentic Learning (Scale IV, consisting of 5 items), (e.g. I work on assignments that deal with real-world information). Active Learning (Scale V, consisting of 3 items), (e.g. I explore my own strategies for learning). Student Autonomy (Scale VI, consisting of 5 items), (e.g. I play an important role in my learning.