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  2. Log-distance path loss model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log-distance_path_loss_model

    The log-distance path loss model is a radio propagation model that predicts the path loss a signal encounters inside a building or densely populated areas over long distance. While the log-distance model is suitable for longer distances, the short-distance path loss model is often used for indoor environments or very short outdoor distances.

  3. Point-to-point Lee model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-point_Lee_model

    L = The median path loss. Unit: decibel (dB). L 0 = The reference path loss along 1 km. Unit: decibel (dB). = The slope of the path loss curve. Unit: decibels per decade. d = The distance on which the path loss is to be calculated. Unit: kilometer (km). F A = Adjustment factor

  4. Path loss - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Path_loss

    Among the most commonly used methods in the design of radio equipment such as antennas and feeds is the finite-difference time-domain method. The path loss in other frequency bands (medium wave (MW), shortwave (SW or HF), microwave (SHF)) is predicted with similar methods, though the concrete algorithms and formulas may be very different from ...

  5. Free-space path loss - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-space_path_loss

    Since this factor is not related to the radio wave path but comes from the receiving antenna, the term "free-space path loss" is a little misleading. Directivity of receiving antenna- while the above formulas are correct, the presence of Directivities Dt and Dr builds the wrong intuition in the FSPL Friis transmission formula. The formula seems ...

  6. Bragg's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bragg's_law

    This path difference is (+) (′). The two separate waves will arrive at a point (infinitely far from these lattice planes) with the same phase , and hence undergo constructive interference , if and only if this path difference is equal to any integer value of the wavelength , i.e. n λ = ( A B + B C ) − ( A C ′ ) {\displaystyle n\lambda ...

  7. Logistic map - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logistic_map

    These differences in the frequency of the points are due to the shape of the graph of the logistic map. The top of the graph, near r/4, attracts orbits with high frequency, and the area near f(r/4) that is mapped from there also becomes highly frequent, and the area near f 2 ( r / 4 ) {\displaystyle f^{2}(r/4)} that is mapped from there also ...

  8. Egli model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egli_Model

    The Egli model is a terrain model for radio frequency propagation. This model, which was first introduced by John Egli in his 1957 paper, [1] was derived from real-world data on UHF and VHF television transmissions in several large cities. It predicts the total path loss for a point-to-point link.

  9. Optical path length - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_path_length

    A difference in OPL between two paths is often called the optical path difference (OPD). OPL and OPD are important because they determine the phase of the light and govern interference and diffraction of light as it propagates. In a medium of constant refractive index, n, the OPL for a path of geometrical length s is just