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Four other languages, all of them Bantu based, have the status of national language: Kikongo-Kituba, Lingala, Swahili and Tshiluba. Democratic Republic of the Congo is a Francophone country, where, as of 2024, 55.393 million (50.69%) out of 109.276 million people speak French [2] and 74% report using French as a lingua franca. [contradictory] [3]
The Bangi–Ntomba languages are a group of Bantu languages spoken in the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Republic of the Congo. They are coded Zone C.30 in Guthrie's classification, and included the trade language Lingala , one of four national languages of the DRC and two of the RC.
Vowel letters are composed of two parts: the basic 5-shape of the Mandombe script plus a numeral, or—in the case of ü (/y/)—by modifying the basic u vowel letter. Vowel 1 is i, vowel 2 u, vowel 3 e, vowel 4 o, and vowel 5 a. A vowel can be written individually and form a syllable on its own.
The five major languages in the DRC are French (official), Lingala (a lingua franca, or trade language), Swahili (more specifically Congo Swahili such as the Kingwana dialect), Kikongo ya leta or Kituba (a Kikongo-based creole language), and Tshiluba or Luba-Kasai. In total, there are over 200 languages spoken in the DRC.
In 2020, annual average air pollution in the DRC stood at 34.2 μg/m 3, which is almost 6.8 times the World Health Organization PM2.5 guideline (5 μg/m 3: set in September 2021). [306] These pollution levels are estimated to reduce the life expectancy of an average citizen of the DRC by almost 2.9 years. [306]
Lingala (or Ngala, Lingala: Lingála) is a Bantu language spoken in the northwest of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the northern half of the Republic of the Congo, in their capitals, Kinshasa and Brazzaville, and to a lesser degree as a trade language or because of emigration in neighbouring Angola or Central African Republic.
Kituba is known by many names among its speakers. In academic circles the language is called Kikongo-Kituba. In the Republic of the Congo it is called Munukutuba, a phrase which means literally "I say", [4] and is used in the Republic's 1992 constitution. [5] The latter (Kituba) means "way of speaking" [6]: 213 and is used in the 2015 ...
These are now parts of the DRC (Kongo Central and Bandundu), the Republic of the Congo, and Gabon. Kikongo is the base for the Creole language Kituba, also called Kikongo de l'État and Kikongo ya Leta (French and Kituba, respectively, for "Kikongo of the state administration" or "Kikongo of the State"). [4]