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Ch is a digraph in the Latin script.It is treated as a letter of its own in the Chamorro, Old Spanish, Czech, Slovak, Igbo, Uzbek, Quechua, Ladino, Guarani, Welsh, Cornish, Breton, Ukrainian Latynka, and Belarusian Łacinka alphabets.
The digraph is found at the end of a word (deci, atunci, copaci) or before the letters a, o, or u (ciorba, ciuleandra); the /tʃ/ sound made by the letter c in front of the letters e or i becomes /k/ in front of the three aforementioned vowels, making the addition of the letter i necessary.
In Welsh, the digraph ll fused for a time into a ligature.. A digraph (from Ancient Greek δίς (dís) ' double ' and γράφω (gráphō) ' to write ') or digram is a pair of characters used in the orthography of a language to write either a single phoneme (distinct sound), or a sequence of phonemes that does not correspond to the normal values of the two characters combined.
This list may not reflect recent changes. List of Latin-script digraphs; C. Ch (digraph) D. Dž ...
(Normally additional phonemic degrees of length are handled by the extra-short or half-long diacritic, i.e. e eˑ eː or ĕ e eː , but the first two words in each of the Estonian examples are analyzed as typically short and long, /e eː/ and /n nː/, requiring a different remedy for the additional words.)
In a few words, these could also stand for sequences of two adjacent vowels, which is sometimes marked by the use of a diaeresis in modern transcriptions, as in aë , aü and oë . The digraphs ph , th and ch , standing for the aspirated consonants /pʰ/, /tʰ/ and /kʰ/.
French digraphs and trigraphs have both historical and phonological origins. In the first case, it is a vestige of the spelling in the word's original language (usually Latin or Greek) maintained in modern French, e.g. the use of ph in téléphone, th in théorème, or ch in chaotique.
drz is used for /dʒ/ in English transcriptions of the Polish digraph dż . dsh is used for the foreign sound /dʒ/ in German. A common variant is the tetragraph dsch . It is used in Juǀʼhoan for the prevoiced aspirated affricate /d͡tsʰ/. dsj is used for foreign loan words with /dʒ/ Norwegian. Sometimes the digraph dj is used.