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Often, the term income is substituted for net income, yet this is not preferred due to the possible ambiguity. Net income is informally called the bottom line because it is typically found on the last line of a company's income statement (a related term is top line, meaning revenue, which forms the first line of the account statement).
A professional investor contemplating a change to the capital structure of a firm (e.g., through a leveraged buyout) first evaluates a firm's fundamental earnings potential (reflected by earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization and EBIT), and then determines the optimal use of debt versus equity (equity value).
The trial balance, which is usually prepared using the double-entry accounting system, forms the basis for preparing the financial statements. All the figures in the trial balance are rearranged to prepare a profit & loss statement and balance sheet. Accounting standards determine the format for these accounts (SSAP, FRS, IFRS). Financial ...
The unearned income is deferred and then recognized to income when cash is collected. [6] For example, if a company collected 45% of total product price, it can recognize 45% of total profit on that product. Cost recovery method is used when there is an extremely high probability of uncollectable payments. Under this method no profit is ...
The above factors lead to investors needing to assess the extent to which a firm's reported earnings are free from mistake or manipulation, i.e. the quality of the firm's earnings. [3] Other ways accounting choices can lower a firm's earnings quality include [2] Recording revenue too soon or of questionable quality, Recording fictitious revenue,
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The amount of income recognized is generally the value received or the value which the taxpayer has a right to receive. Certain types of income are specifically excluded from gross income for tax purposes. The time at which gross income becomes taxable is determined under Federal tax rules, which differ in some cases from financial accounting ...
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