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The culture of Lebanon and the Lebanese people emerged from Phoenicia and through various civilizations over thousands of years. It was home to the Phoenicians and was subsequently conquered and occupied by the Assyrians , the Greeks , the Romans , the Persians , the Arabs , the Crusaders , the Ottomans and the French .
Lebanese people are very diverse in faith. The country has the most religiously diverse society in the Middle East, encompassing 17 recognized religious sects. [128] The main two religions among the Lebanese people are Christianity (the Maronite Church, the Greek Orthodox Church, the Melkite, the Protestant Church) and Islam (Shia and Sunni).
The Lebanese Civil War had its origin in the conflicts and political compromises of Lebanon's post-Ottoman period and was exacerbated by the nation's changing demographic trends, inter-religious strife, and proximity to Syria, the Palestine Liberation Organization, and Israel.
Lebanon is an eastern Mediterranean country that has the most religiously diverse society within the Middle East, recognizing 18 religious sects. [2] [3] The recognized religions are Islam (Sunni, Shia, Alawites, and Isma'ili), Druze, Christianity (the Maronite Church, the Greek Orthodox Church, the Melkite Greek Catholic Church, evangelical Protestantism, the Armenian Apostolic Church, the ...
Heavy tributes and religious dissension produced disorder and confusion. Furthermore, the ecumenical councils of the 5th and 6th centuries were unsuccessful in settling religious disagreements. This turbulent period weakened the empire and made it easy prey to the newly converted Muslim Arabs of the Arabian Peninsula that invaded the region in ...
Two important Maronite Christian symbols on Sassine Square, Achrafieh: a statue of Saint Charbel, the most important Maronite saint; and a billboard on a side of a building showing Bachir Gemayel, the Maronite militia leader during the Civil War A Christian church and Druze khalwa in Shuf Mountains: In the early 18th century the Maronites and the Druze set the foundation for what is now Lebanon.
[31] [21] [32] They maintain Arabic language and culture as integral parts of their identity, [33] [34] [18] with Arabic being their primary language. [35] Most Druze religious practices are kept secret, [36] and conversion to their religion is not permitted for outsiders. [37] Interfaith marriages are rare and strongly discouraged.
Map showing the maritime expansions of the Phoenician civilization across the Mediterranean Basin, starting from around 800 BC. Phoenicianism is a form of Lebanese nationalism that apprizes and presents ancient Phoenicia as the chief ethno-cultural foundation of the Lebanese people.