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Deletion on a chromosome. In genetics, a deletion (also called gene deletion, deficiency, or deletion mutation) (sign: Δ) is a mutation (a genetic aberration) in which a part of a chromosome or a sequence of DNA is left out during DNA replication.
A conditional gene knockout allows gene deletion in a tissue in a tissue specific manner. This is required in place of a gene knockout if the null mutation would lead to embryonic death, [13] or a specific tissue or cell type is of specific interest. This is done by introducing short sequences called loxP sites around the gene.
In genetics and especially genetic engineering, deletion mapping is a technique used to find out the mutation sites within a gene. The principle of deletion mapping involves crossing a strain which has a point mutation in a gene, with multiple strains who each carry a deletion in a different region of the same gene.
Indel (insertion-deletion) is a molecular biology term for an insertion or deletion of bases in the genome of an organism. Indels ≥ 50 bases in length are classified as structural variants. [1] [2] In coding regions of the genome, unless the length of an indel is a multiple of 3, it will produce a frameshift mutation.
Amino acid deletion (e.g., ΔF508) – The Greek letter Δ indicates a deletion. The letter refers to the amino acid present in the wild type and the number is the position from the N terminus of the amino acid were it to be present as in the wild type.
The three major single-chromosome mutations: deletion (1), duplication (2) and inversion (3). The two major two-chromosome mutations: insertion (1) and translocation (2). When the chromosome's structure is altered, this can take several forms: [16] Deletions: A portion of the chromosome is missing or has been deleted.
During recombination two strands of DNA exchange information. This recombination will cause a deletion or inversion of the genes between the two lox sites, depending on their orientation. An entire gene can be removed to inactivate it. [1] [3] This whole system is inducible so a chemical can be added to knock genes out at a specific time.
The most direct method to detect haploinsufficiency is the heterozygous deletion of one allele in a model organism. This can be done in tissue culture cells or in single-celled organisms such as yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ).