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Interpolation. In the mathematical field of numerical analysis, interpolation is a type of estimation, a method of constructing (finding) new data points based on the range of a discrete set of known data points. [1][2] In engineering and science, one often has a number of data points, obtained by sampling or experimentation, which represent ...
Linear interpolation on a set of data points (x0, y0), (x1, y1), ..., (xn, yn) is defined as piecewise linear, resulting from the concatenation of linear segment interpolants between each pair of data points. This results in a continuous curve, with a discontinuous derivative (in general), thus of differentiability class .
Polynomial interpolation also forms the basis for algorithms in numerical quadrature (Simpson's rule) and numerical ordinary differential equations (multigrid methods). In computer graphics, polynomials can be used to approximate complicated plane curves given a few specified points, for example the shapes of letters in typography.
Runge's phenomenon. In the mathematical field of numerical analysis, Runge's phenomenon (German: [ˈʁʊŋə]) is a problem of oscillation at the edges of an interval that occurs when using polynomial interpolation with polynomials of high degree over a set of equispaced interpolation points. It was discovered by Carl David Tolmé Runge (1901 ...
Hermite interpolation. In numerical analysis, Hermite interpolation, named after Charles Hermite, is a method of polynomial interpolation, which generalizes Lagrange interpolation. Lagrange interpolation allows computing a polynomial of degree less than n that takes the same value at n given points as a given function.
Nearest neighbor interpolation on a uniform 2D grid (black points). Each coloured cell indicates the area in which all the points have the black point in the cell as their nearest black point. Nearest-neighbor interpolation (also known as proximal interpolation or, in some contexts, point sampling) is a simple method of multivariate ...
Interpolation inequality. In the field of mathematical analysis, an interpolation inequality is an inequality of the form. where for , is an element of some particular vector space equipped with norm and is some real exponent, and is some constant independent of . The vector spaces concerned are usually function spaces, and many interpolation ...
The projected points, in red, are the Chebyshev nodes. In numerical analysis, Chebyshev nodes are a set of specific real algebraic numbers, used as nodes for polynomial interpolation. They are the projection of equispaced points on the unit circle onto the real interval the diameter of the circle. The Chebyshev nodes of the first kind, also ...