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The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, [ 16 ] also known as the Persian Empire[ 16 ] or First Persian Empire[ 17 ] (/ əˈkiːmənɪd /; Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐏂, Xšāça, lit. 'The Empire' [ 18 ] or 'The Kingdom' [ 19 ]), was an Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC. Based in modern-day Iran, it ...
The Iranian Empire began in the Iron Age with the rise of the Medes, who unified Iran as a nation and empire in 625 BC. [3] The Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC), founded by Cyrus the Great, was the largest empire the world had seen, spanning from the Balkans to North Africa and Central Asia.
e. The Parthian Empire (/ ˈpɑːrθiən /), also known as the Arsacid Empire (/ ˈɑːrsəsɪd /), [12] was a major Iranian political and cultural power centered in ancient Iran from 247 BC to 224 AD. [13] Its latter name comes from its founder, Arsaces I, [14] who led the Parni tribe in conquering the region of Parthia [15] in Iran 's ...
The Persian Empire was a hereditary monarchy, though the spirit of eldest son succession was often violated through palace intrigues. The historical kings as given in Greek sources are: The historical kings as given in Greek sources are:
Medes. The Medes[N 1] were an ancient Iranian people who spoke the Median language [N 2] and who inhabited an area known as Media between western and northern Iran. Around the 11th century BC, they occupied the mountainous region of northwestern Iran and the northeastern and eastern region of Mesopotamia in the vicinity of Ecbatana (present-day ...
Standard of Cyrus the Great (Derafsh Shahbaz), founder of the Achaemenid Empire, featuring the Shahbaz (see List of Iranian flags) Cyrus II of Persia (Old Persian: 𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁 Kūruš; c. 600–530 BC), [b] commonly known as Cyrus the Great, [6] was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire. [7] Hailing from Persis, he brought the ...
Persepolis (/ pərˈsɛpəlɪs /; Old Persian: 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿, romanized: Pārsa; New Persian: تخت جمشید, romanized: Takht-e Jamshīd, lit. 'Throne of Jamshid ') was the ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid Empire (c. 550–330 BC). It is situated in the plains of Marvdasht, encircled by the southern Zagros mountains, Fars province of ...
Alexander III of Macedon defeats the armies of the Achaemenid Empire in the Battle of the Persian Gate. 330 BC. July. Darius III, the last Achaemenid emperor is killed, bringing an end to the Achaemenid empire. 330 BC. Persepolis, the capital of the Persian Achaemenid Empire is destroyed by Alexander III of Macedon.