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Responsibility assignment matrix. In business and project management, a responsibility assignment matrix[1] (RAM), also known as RACI matrix[2] (/ ˈreɪsi /) or linear responsibility chart[3] (LRC), is a model that describes the participation by various roles in completing tasks or deliverables [4] for a project or business process.
Matrix management is an organizational structure in which some individuals report to more than one supervisor or leader—relationships described as solid line or dotted line reporting. More broadly, it may also describe the management of cross-functional, cross-business groups and other work models that do not maintain strict vertical business ...
A matrix organization frequently uses teams of employees to accomplish work, in order to take advantage of the strengths, as well as make up for the weaknesses, of functional and decentralized forms. An example would be a company that produces two products, "product A" and "product B".
Example from MIL-HDBK-881, which illustrates the first three levels of a typical aircraft system [1] A work-breakdown structure (WBS) [2] in project management and systems engineering is a deliverable-oriented breakdown of a project into smaller components. A work breakdown structure is a key project management element that organizes the team's ...
Functional manager. A functional manager is a person who has management authority over an organizational unit—such as a department—within a business, company, or other organization. Functional managers have ongoing responsibilities, and are not usually directly affiliated with project teams, other than ensuring that goals and objectives ...
Separation of duties (SoD), also known as segregation of duties, is the concept of having more than one person required to complete a task. It is an administrative control used by organisations to prevent fraud, sabotage, theft, misuse of information, and other security compromises. In the political realm, it is known as the separation of ...
Another example involves organizations adopting holacracy or sociocracy, with people at all levels self-organizing their responsibilities; [34] [35] [36] that is, they exercise "real" rather than formal authority. [37] In this respect, responsibility is an expression of self-restraint and intrinsic obligation.
Example of a functional hybrid organizational chart. An organizational chart, also called organigram, organogram, or organizational breakdown structure (OBS), is a diagram that shows the structure of an organization and the relationships and relative ranks of its parts and positions/jobs. The term is also used for similar diagrams, for example ...