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The World Health Organization (WHO) states that control and prevention of vector-borne diseases are emphasizing "Integrated Vector Management (IVM)", [22] which is an approach that looks at the links between health and environment, optimizing benefits to both. [b] [23]
For diseases where there is no effective cure, such as Zika virus, West Nile fever and Dengue fever, vector control remains the only way to protect human populations. [citation needed] However, even for vector-borne diseases with effective treatments the high cost of treatment remains a huge barrier to large amounts of developing world populations.
A vector is an organism which spreads disease-causing parasites or pathogens from one host to another. Invertebrates spread bacterial, viral and protozoan pathogens by two main mechanisms. Invertebrates spread bacterial, viral and protozoan pathogens by two main mechanisms.
Dr. Lyle Petersen, director of CDC’s vector-borne diseases division, which is based in Colorado, recalled driving a 20-mile radius outside New York City to find infected mosquitoes.
Depending on the mosquito vector, and the affected community, a variety of prevention methods may be deployed at one time. Mosquito borne diseases are indirectly contagious, a mosquito needs to get infected from biting a patient first than transfer it to the next thus, they both need to be in the general area.
Wolbachia boosts the natural immune response of the mosquito so that it does not easily get infected and become a host vector for mosquito-borne diseases. [53] Therefore it is unable to easily transmit those viruses to people. This is known as replacement strategy as it aims to replace the natural population with Wolbachia-carrying ones. [54]
It remains to be seen how the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention will act on this information in its own guidance for infection control in health care settings.
The CDC focuses national attention on developing and applying disease control and prevention. It especially focuses its attention on infectious disease, food borne pathogens, environmental health, occupational safety and health, health promotion, injury prevention, and educational activities designed to improve the health of United States citizens.