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The term "ethical subjectivism" covers two distinct theories in ethics. According to cognitive versions of ethical subjectivism, the truth of moral statements depends upon people's values, attitudes, feelings, or beliefs. Some forms of cognitivist ethical subjectivism can be counted as forms of realism, others are forms of anti-realism. [19]
Subjectivism is the doctrine that "our own mental activity is the only unquestionable fact of our experience", [1] instead of shared or communal, and that there is no external or objective truth. While Thomas Hobbes was an early proponent of subjectivism, [ 2 ] [ 3 ] the success of this position is historically attributed to Descartes and his ...
Rachels' best-known work is The Elements of Moral Philosophy.It went to its sixth edition in 2009, having been revised by Rachels' son, Stuart Rachels.Among the subjects covered are ethical and simple subjectivism, emotivism, as well as ethical and psychological egoism.
The root of the words subjectivity and objectivity are subject and object, philosophical terms that mean, respectively, an observer and a thing being observed.The word subjectivity comes from subject in a philosophical sense, meaning an individual who possesses unique conscious experiences, such as perspectives, feelings, beliefs, and desires, [1] [3] or who (consciously) acts upon or wields ...
Ethical subjectivism is the meta-ethical view which claims that: Ethical sentences express propositions. Some such propositions are true. Those propositions are about the attitudes of people. [2] This makes ethical subjectivism a form of cognitivism.
In metaphilosophy and ethics, metaethics is the study of the nature, scope, ground, and meaning of moral judgment, ethical belief, or values.It is one of the three branches of ethics generally studied by philosophers, the others being normative ethics (questions of how one ought to be and act) and applied ethics (practical questions of right behavior in given, usually contentious, situations).
Ideal observer theory is the meta-ethical view which claims that ethical sentences express truth-apt propositions about the attitudes of a hypothetical ideal observer. In other words, ideal observer theory states that ethical judgments should be interpreted as statements about the reactions that a neutral and fully informed observer would have ...
The Elements of Moral Philosophy is a 1986 ethics textbook by the philosophers James Rachels and Stuart Rachels. [1] It explains a number of moral theories and topics, including cultural relativism, subjectivism, divine command theory, ethical egoism, social contract theory, utilitarianism, Kantian ethics, and deontology. The book uses real ...