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SIUI develops and manufactures a variety of ultrasound imaging systems and accessories for both human and veterinary use, and NDT equipment including phased-array ultrasonic flaw detector, [3] conventional flaw detector, [4] thickness gauge, probes [5] and accessories. The company is currently organized into three product category divisions ...
The first efforts to use ultrasonic testing to detect flaws in solid material occurred in the 1930s. [1] On May 27, 1940, U.S. researcher Dr. Floyd Firestone of the University of Michigan applies for a U.S. invention patent for the first practical ultrasonic testing method.
If the material contains a crack or flaw which make the spatial distribution of the electrical conductivity nonuniform, the path of the eddy currents is perturbed and the impedance of the coil which generates the AC magnetic field is modified. By measuring the impedance of this coil, a crack can hence be detected.
Some of the UNECE's water related problems are of water quantity and water quality, high water stress and overexploitation of water resources, increasing droughts and floods, contaminated water resulting in water-related diseases, etc. These issues are even harder to solve due to transboundary nature of the water sources in the UNECE region.
One effect that can cause crack propagation is the presence of water and other liquids. When fluid fills a small crack and a train passes over, the water becomes trapped in the void and can expand the crack tip. Also, the trapped fluid could freeze and expand or initiate the corrosion process. Parts of a rail where defects can be found: head ...
A recently published study has determined that the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's approach to handling water data is flawed, potentially invalidating some earlier discoveries of salty water flows.
Sentinel-2 NDWI for waterbody detection can be constructed by using: "Green" Band 3 (559 nm) and "NIR" Band 8A (864 nm) McFeeters index: If looking for water bodies or change in water level (e.g. flooding), then it is advisable to use the green and NIR spectral bands [18] or green and SWIR spectral bands. Modification of normalised difference ...
Fault detection, isolation, and recovery (FDIR) is a subfield of control engineering which concerns itself with monitoring a system, identifying when a fault has occurred, and pinpointing the type of fault and its location. Two approaches can be distinguished: A direct pattern recognition of sensor readings that indicate a fault and an analysis ...
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