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Offense or crime, a violation of penal law; An insult, or negative feeling in response to a perceived insult; An attack, a proactive offensive engagement; Sin, an act that violates a known moral rule; Offense (sports), the action of engaging an opposing team with the objective of scoring
In its broadest sense, justice is the idea that individuals should be treated fairly. According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, the most plausible candidate for a core definition comes from the Institutes of Justinian, a codification of Roman Law from the sixth century AD, where justice is defined as "the constant and perpetual will to render to each his due".
One proposed definition is that a crime or offence (or criminal offence) is an act harmful not only to some individual but also to a community, society, or the state ("a public wrong"). Such acts are forbidden and punishable by law. [1] [4] The notion that acts such as murder, rape, and theft are to be prohibited exists worldwide. [5]
Mens rea refers to the crime's mental elements of the defendant's intent. This is a necessary element—that is, the criminal act must be voluntary or purposeful. Mens rea is the mental intention (mental fault), or the defendant's state of mind at the time of the offense, sometimes called the guilty mind. It stems from the ancient maxim of ...
an offence of making such a threat as is mentioned in subsection (3)(a) of section 1 of the Internationally Protected Persons Act 1978 and any of the following offences against a protected person within the meaning of that section, namely an offence of kidnapping, an offence of false imprisonment and an offence under section 2 of the Explosive ...
In relation to the common law offence, no judicial definition of the offence was ever laid down, but the description of the offence set down in Stephen's Criminal Digest [7] [8] is regarded as fairly comprehensive, and is cited as an authoritative definition by Stroud's Judicial Dictionary.
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Blackstone. "Of Offences against Public Justice". Commentaries on the Laws of England. Book 4. Chapter 10. Page 127. Hawkins. "Of Offences against the Public Justice of the Kingdom". A Treatise of the Pleas of the Crown. Eighth Edition, by John Curwood. 1824. Book 1. Chapter 27. Page 412. Hale. Historia Placitorum Coronae. Chapter L. Page 575.