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For seasonal affective disorder (SAD), a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing high (4.5x10 14 ions/second) and low (1.7x10 11 ions/second) flow rate negative air ionization with bright light therapy found that the post-treatment improvement percentage was 57.1% for bright light, 47.9% for high-density ions and 22.7% for low-density ions. [8]
An air ioniser (or negative ion generator or Chizhevsky's chandelier) is a device that uses high voltage to ionise (electrically charge) air molecules. Negative ions, or anions , are particles with one or more extra electrons , conferring a net negative charge to the particle.
High-intensity ionizing radiation in air can produce a visible ionized air glow of telltale bluish-purple color. The glow can be observed, e.g., during criticality accidents, around mushroom clouds shortly after a nuclear explosion, or the inside of a damaged nuclear reactor like during the Chernobyl disaster.
Unprotected experiments in the U.S. in 1896 with an early X-ray tube (Crookes tube), when the dangers of radiation were largely unknown.[1]The history of radiation protection begins at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries with the realization that ionizing radiation from natural and artificial sources can have harmful effects on living organisms.
Negative ion reaction equations Negative air ions (NAI) are important air component, generally referring to the collections of negatively charged single gas molecules or ion clusters in the air. They play an essential role in maintaining the charge balance of the atmosphere.
Electromagnetic radiation can be classified into two types: ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation, based on the capability of a single photon with more than 10 eV energy to ionize atoms or break chemical bonds. [1]
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This is a list of science centers in the United States. American Alliance of Museums (AAM) and Association of Science and Technology Centers (ASTC) member centers are granted institutional benefits and may offer benefits to individuals through purchased or granted individual memberships as well.