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An example of how intersecting sets define a graph. In graph theory, an intersection graph is a graph that represents the pattern of intersections of a family of sets.Any graph can be represented as an intersection graph, but some important special classes of graphs can be defined by the types of sets that are used to form an intersection representation of them.
In the mathematical field of graph theory, the intersection number of a graph = (,) is the smallest number of elements in a representation of as an intersection graph of finite sets. In such a representation, each vertex is represented as a set, and two vertices are connected by an edge whenever their sets have a common element.
The intersection number arises in the study of fixed points, which can be cleverly defined as intersections of function graphs with a diagonals. Calculating the intersection numbers at the fixed points counts the fixed points with multiplicity, and leads to the Lefschetz fixed-point theorem in quantitative form.
The definition of the ratio is the number of common bits, divided by the number of bits set (i.e. nonzero) in either sample. Presented in mathematical terms, if samples X and Y are bitmaps, X i {\displaystyle X_{i}} is the i th bit of X , and ∧ , ∨ {\displaystyle \land ,\lor } are bitwise and , or operators respectively, then the similarity ...
The intersection point falls within the first line segment if 0 ≤ t ≤ 1, and it falls within the second line segment if 0 ≤ u ≤ 1. These inequalities can be tested without the need for division, allowing rapid determination of the existence of any line segment intersection before calculating its exact point. [3]
In science and engineering, a log–log graph or log–log plot is a two-dimensional graph of numerical data that uses logarithmic scales on both the horizontal and vertical axes. Power functions – relationships of the form y = a x k {\displaystyle y=ax^{k}} – appear as straight lines in a log–log graph, with the exponent corresponding to ...
Cardinality – Definition of the number of elements in a set; Complement – Set of the elements not in a given subset; Intersection (Euclidean geometry) – Shape formed from points common to other shapes; Intersection graph – Graph representing intersections between given sets
This graph is distance regular with intersection array {7,4,1;1,2,7} and automorphism group PGL(2,7). Some first examples of distance-regular graphs include: The complete graphs. The cycle graphs. The odd graphs. The Moore graphs. The collinearity graph of a regular near polygon. The Wells graph and the Sylvester graph.