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A fusion energy gain factor, usually expressed with the symbol Q, is the ratio of fusion power produced in a nuclear fusion reactor to the power required to maintain the plasma in steady state. The condition of Q = 1, when the power being released by the fusion reactions is equal to the required heating power, is referred to as breakeven , or ...
Lawson criterion of important magnetic confinement fusion experiments. The Lawson criterion is a figure of merit used in nuclear fusion research. It compares the rate of energy being generated by fusion reactions within the fusion fuel to the rate of energy losses to the environment.
This corresponds to a total scientific energy gain of 0.7 and a capsule energy gain of 6. [14] While the experiment fell short of ignition as defined by the National Academy of Sciences – a total energy gain greater than one – most people working in the field viewed the experiment as the demonstration of ignition as defined by the Lawson ...
Fusion energy gain factor: 2022: 1.54: NIF [286] Discharge time (field reversed configuration) 2016: 3 × 10 −1 s: Princeton Field Reversed Configuration [307] Fusion was not observed. Discharge time is not confinement time. Discharge time (stellarator) 2019 >1 × 10 2 s: Wendelstein 7-X [308] [309] Discharge time (tokamak) 2022 >1 × 10 3 s ...
"The fusion energy gain factor, usually expressed with the symbol Q, is the ratio of fusion power produced in a nuclear fusion reactor to the power required to maintain the plasma in steady state. The condition of Q = 1, when the power being released by the fusion reactions is equal to the required heating power, is referred to as breakeven, or ...
The Betz Limit is the maximum possible energy that can be extracted by an infinitely thin rotor from a fluid flowing at a certain speed. [5] In order to calculate the maximum theoretical efficiency of a thin rotor (of, for example, a wind turbine), one imagines it to be replaced by a disc that removes energy from the fluid passing through it ...
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On October 31, 1996, JT-60U successfully achieved extrapolated breakeven with a factor of Q DT eq = 1.05 at 2.8 MA. In other words, if the homogenous deuterium fuel was theoretically replaced with a 1:1 mix of deuterium and tritium , the fusion reaction would have created an energy output 1.05 times the energy used to start the reaction.