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Ubba (Old Norse: Ubbi; died 878) was a 9th-century Viking and one of the commanders of the Great Heathen Army that invaded Anglo-Saxon England in the 860s. [ note 1 ] The Great Army appears to have been a coalition of warbands drawn from Scandinavia , Ireland , the Irish Sea region and Continental Europe .
Ubba was also named as a leader of the army in Northumbria by Abbo of Fleury and by the Historia de Sancto Cuthberto. Symeon of Durham lists the leaders of the Viking army as " Halfdene [Halfdann], Inguar [Ingvar], Hubba, Beicsecg, Guthrun, Oscytell [Ketill], Amund, Sidroc and another duke of the same name, Osbern, Frana and Harold."
Ubba's army bore the raven banner, the symbol of Odin, and it flapped strongly in the wind, signifying victory. [7] According to legend, this banner was woven by the daughters of Ragnar Lodbrok, the sisters of Ubba, and could foretell what would happen in the forthcoming battle, flapping strongly for a victory and hanging limply for a defeat. [9]
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A reflexion of a historical Ubba, called Ubba dux Fresciorum in the mid-9th c. Historia de sancto Cuthberto, [58] who took part in the 9th c. Viking invasion of England. [59] Ubbi is a hypocoristic form of Úlfr ("wolf"), or possibly a form of úfr, earlier ūb- ("unpleasant"). [60]
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This year, during midwinter, after twelfth night, the army stole away to Chippenham, and overran the land of the West-Saxons, and sat down there; and many of the people they drove beyond sea, and of the remainder the greater part they subdued and forced to obey them, except king Alfred
A fifteenth-century depiction of Ívarr and Ubba ravaging the countryside as it appears on folio 48r of British Library Harley 2278. A depiction of Ívarr and Ubba setting forth to avenge their father, Loðbrók, as it appears on folio 47v of British Library Harley 2278. In 865 the Great Heathen Army, led by Ivar, invaded the Anglo-Saxon ...