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There are certain climate conditions which characterises a particular soil as ustic: the soil temperature must be 22 °C (degrees Celsius) or above annually, or winter contra summer soil temperatures must vary by less than 6 °C at a particular depth of 50 cm below the soil surface. The soil moisture control section of ustic soil is dry, in ...
Soil is dry for at least half of the growing season and moist for less than 90 consecutive days; common in arid (desert-like) regions. Xeric: Soil moisture regime is found in Mediterranean-type climates, with cool, moist winters and warm, dry summers. Like the Ustic Regime, it is characterized as having long periods of drought in the summer.
The udic moisture regime is common to soils of humid climates which have well-distributed rainfall, or which have enough rain in summer so that the amount of stored moisture plus rainfall is approximately equal to, or exceeds, the amount of evapotranspiration. Water moves down through the soil at some time in most years. [1]
Climate is the dominant factor in soil formation, and soils show the distinctive characteristics of the climate zones in which they form, with a feedback to climate through transfer of carbon stocked in soil horizons back to the atmosphere. [44]
Ustolls—subhumid climate; ustic moisture regime Xerolls—Mediterranean climate; xeric moisture regime. Soils which are mostly similar to Mollisols but contain either continuous or discontinuous permafrost, consequently affected by cryoturbation are common in high mountain plateaus of Tibet and the Andean altiplano.
Ustochrepts are a great group of soils, in the USDA soil taxonomy. They are classed in the sub-order Ochrepts, in the order Inceptisols. Ustochrepts are characterised by an ochric epipedon, a warm soil temperature regime and an ustic soil moisture regime. Ochric epipedon refers to surface characteristics of the soils.
Ultisol, commonly known as red clay soil, is one of twelve soil orders in the United States Department of Agriculture soil taxonomy. The word "Ultisol" is derived from "ultimate", because Ultisols were seen as the ultimate product of continuous weathering of minerals in a humid, temperate climate without new soil formation via glaciation .
As a result, the time necessary for the formation of soils does not become available. Therefore, these soils remain immature. An example is soil along the slopes of the Himalayan mountains. In river plains, particularly in flood-plain areas, new alluvium is deposited every year. The time for soil formation remains inadequate. Hence, flood plain ...