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Interaction effect of education and ideology on concern about sea level rise. In statistics, an interaction may arise when considering the relationship among three or more variables, and describes a situation in which the effect of one causal variable on an outcome depends on the state of a second causal variable (that is, when effects of the two causes are not additive).
In probability theory and information theory, the interaction information is a generalization of the mutual information for more than two variables. There are many names for interaction information, including amount of information, [1] information correlation, [2] co-information, [3] and simply mutual information. [4]
The number of indirect interactions can be estimated through an analysis of online traffic. Andrew Lipsman, for example, reported that of the 2 million users that comScore samples, 6% account for approximately 50% of the Internet traffic. [5] Interaction rests, first of all, on the fact that behavior varies in intensity.
A conceptual diagram of an additive multiple moderation model An example of a two-way interaction effect plot. If both of the independent variables are continuous, it is helpful for interpretation to either center or standardize the independent variables, X and Z. (Centering involves subtracting the overall sample mean score from the original ...
Designed experiments with full factorial design (left), response surface with second-degree polynomial (right) In statistics, a full factorial experiment is an experiment whose design consists of two or more factors, each with discrete possible values or "levels", and whose experimental units take on all possible combinations of these levels across all such factors.
The following example presents data from the data set MathAchieve which is part of the R package nlme of José Pinheiro et al. [2] It contains mathematics achievement scores of 7185 students. The students are categorised according to sex and membership of a minority ethnic group.
Simple mediation model. The independent variable causes the mediator variable; the mediator variable causes the dependent variable. In statistics, a mediation model seeks to identify and explain the mechanism or process that underlies an observed relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable via the inclusion of a third hypothetical variable, known as a mediator ...
Interaction hypothesis, a theory of second language acquisition; Interaction (statistics), when three or more variables influence each other; Interactions of actors theory, created by cybernetician Gordon Pask; Fundamental interaction or fundamental force, the core interactions in physics; Human–computer interaction, interfaces for people ...