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Siphonocladus tropicus showing segregative cell division. Siphonocladus is a small genus of green algae in the family Siphonocladaceae. [1] [2] The algal body is composed of long, club-shaped cells that divide by segregative cell division, followed by the formation of branches that break through the mother cell.
A kelp, for example, may have its thallus divided into three regions. The parts of a kelp thallus include the holdfast (anchor), stipe (supports the blades) and the blades (for photosynthesis). [2] The thallus of a fungus is usually called a mycelium. The term thallus is also commonly used to refer to the vegetative body of a lichen.
Caulerpa is coenocytic, meaning it has a multinucleate thallus organization. It is also siphonous, meaning unlike other algae, the thallus and the nuclei are not separated by cell walls. They are instead one long mass of protoplasm surrounded by a single cell wall. [12]
Ectocarpus is a genus of filamentous brown alga that includes a model organism for the genomics of multicellularity. [1] [2] Among possible model organisms in the brown algae, Ectocarpus was selected for the relatively small size of its mature thallus and the speed with which it completes its life cycle.
Charophyceae is a class of charophyte green algae. AlgaeBase places it in division Charophyta. [1] Extant (living) species are placed in a single order Charales, [2] commonly known as "stoneworts" and "brittleworts". Fossil members of the class may be placed in separate orders, e.g. Sycidiales and Trochiliscales. [1]
The lamina or blade in macroscopic algae, like seaweed, is a generally flattened structure that typically forms the principal bulk of the thallus. [1] It is often developed into specialised organs such as flotation bladders and reproductive organs.
The thallus is filamentous, highly branched, and may be packed into a mass. It is coenocytic , having multi-nucleate cells consisting of cytoplasm contained within a cylindrical cell wall . There are no septae , and the many discoid chloroplasts, nuclei and other organelles are free to move through the organism.
Thallus is minute, 0.2–1.2 cm wide, but aggregates to form extensive colonies which cover the substrate. Lobes of the thallus are linear and irregularly branched and range from adnate to erect. The upper cortex is distinct with algae chlorococcoid distributed below the upper cortex. The medulla is not well developed and is white in color.