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One such cause is chemical imbalances in the brain, which can lead to irrational decisions and emotional pain. [8] For example, when the brain lacks serotonin, a chemical that regulates the brain's functioning, it can lead to depression, appetite changes, aggression, and anxiety. Another cause of mental distress can be exposure to severely ...
There are several main groups. Antidepressants are used for the treatment of clinical depression as well as often for anxiety and other disorders. [30] Anxiolytics are used, generally short-term, for anxiety disorders and related problems such as physical symptoms and insomnia. [31]
Biological psychiatry or biopsychiatry is an approach to psychiatry that aims to understand mental disorder in terms of the biological function of the nervous system.It is interdisciplinary in its approach and draws on sciences such as neuroscience, psychopharmacology, biochemistry, genetics, epigenetics and physiology to investigate the biological bases of behavior and psychopathology.
Many psychologists criticise psychiatry for focusing its attention primarily on symptoms and for assuming that relieving symptoms with drugs cures the problem. Unfortunately, in many cases when the drug treatment is ceased the symptoms recur. This suggests that drugs are not addressing the true cause of the problem. [4]
While the latter's onset could be attributed to adverse life events and treated with talk therapy, the former would indicate treatment with antidepressants. [15] Indeed, this view of endogenous depression is at the root of the popular view that mood disorders are a reflection of a 'chemical imbalance' in the brain. More recent research has ...
An anxiety disorder is anxiety or fear that interferes with normal functioning may be classified as an anxiety disorder. [40] Commonly recognized categories include specific phobias , generalized anxiety disorder , social anxiety disorder , panic disorder , agoraphobia , obsessive–compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder .
On the other hand, other medications that increase dopamine levels have also been found to improve anxiety. [42] Many physical symptoms of anxiety, such as rapid heart rate and hand tremors, are regulated by norepinephrine. Drugs that counteract norepinephrine's effect may be effective in reducing the physical symptoms of a panic attack. [42]
Anxiety may cause physical and cognitive symptoms, such as restlessness, irritability, easy fatigue, difficulty concentrating, increased heart rate, chest pain, abdominal pain, and a variety of other symptoms that may vary based on the individual. [2] In casual discourse, the words anxiety and fear are often used
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