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John Pollock's OSCAR system [2] is an example of an automated argumentation system that is more specific than being just an automated theorem prover. Tools and techniques of automated reasoning include the classical logics and calculi, fuzzy logic, Bayesian inference, reasoning with maximal entropy and many less formal ad hoc techniques.
It is likely that AI systems will be shaped by different policy or economic imperatives which will influence the construction, legitimation and use of this assemblage in an education setting. [17] Those who see AI as a conduit for knowledge transmission or construction are comfortable with the idea of machine's reasoning or having hallucinations.
The Isabelle [a] automated theorem prover is a higher-order logic (HOL) theorem prover, written in Standard ML and Scala.As a Logic for Computable Functions (LCF) style theorem prover, it is based on a small logical core (kernel) to increase the trustworthiness of proofs without requiring, yet supporting, explicit proof objects.
ITS vary greatly in design, implementation, and educational focus. When ITS are used in a classroom, the system is not only used by students, but by teachers as well. This usage can create barriers to effective evaluation for a number of reasons; most notably due to teacher intervention in student learning.
An instructional simulation, also called an educational simulation, is a simulation of some type of reality (system or environment) but which also includes instructional elements that help a learner explore, navigate or obtain more information about that system or environment that cannot generally be acquired from mere experimentation.
Precise mathematical tools have been developed that analyze how an agent can make choices and plan, using decision theory, decision analysis, [87] and information value theory. [88] These tools include models such as Markov decision processes , [ 89 ] dynamic decision networks , [ 90 ] game theory and mechanism design .
MYCIN exemplifies the classic expert system architecture of a knowledge-base of rules coupled to a symbolic reasoning mechanism, including the use of certainty factors to handle uncertainty. GUIDON shows how an explicit knowledge base can be repurposed for a second application, tutoring, and is an example of an intelligent tutoring system , a ...
In information technology a reasoning system is a software system that generates conclusions from available knowledge using logical techniques such as deduction and induction. Reasoning systems play an important role in the implementation of artificial intelligence and knowledge-based systems .